Computer-readable storage medium having information processing program stored therein, information processing apparatus, information processing system, and information processing method

ABSTRACT

In order to attain the object described above, a game apparatus is able to use coordinate input means and display means, and positions a virtual camera Ca in a three-dimensional virtual space. When a predetermined operation is performed at any position in a predetermined range on a touch panel (coordinate input means), the game apparatus performs zooming-in-on operation (changes an angle θ 1  of view of the virtual camera) without changing an imaging direction of the virtual camera.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

The disclosure of Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-134540, filed onJun. 11, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to: a computer-readable storage mediumhaving an information processing program stored therein; an informationprocessing apparatus; an information processing system; and aninformation processing method, and more particularly to: acomputer-readable storage medium having stored therein an informationprocessing program, an information processing apparatus, an informationprocessing system, and an information processing method which zooms inon and displays, according to an operation performed on coordinate inputmeans by a player, an imaging subject which is included in a virtualspace and which is taken by a virtual camera.

2. Description of the Background Art

An information processing apparatus which is capable of zooming in onand displaying an imaging subject which is included in athree-dimensional virtual space and which is taken by a virtual camera,according to touch operation performed on a touch panel by a player, hasbeen known to date. For example, in a game apparatus described inJapanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2006-252185, a touch panel ismounted so as to cover a screen, and when a player performs an operationof touching the touch panel at a position of a desired object displayedon the screen, the desired object is zoomed in on and displayed.Specifically, in the game apparatus, the gazing point of the virtualcamera is set to, for example, the center point of the desired object,and the angle of view of the virtual camera is changed so as to bereduced.

However, in the game apparatus as described above, in order to zoom inon and display an object (imaging subject), a player needs to touch theobject on the touch panel. Further, the gazing point is changedaccording to the touch position.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Therefore, an object of the preset invention is to make available acomputer-readable storage medium having stored therein an informationprocessing program, an information processing apparatus, an informationprocessing system, and an information processing method which arecapable of improving, for a player, operability of operation oncoordinate input means for zooming in on and displaying an imagingsubject taken by a virtual camera.

In order to attain the object described above, a computer-readablestorage medium having stored therein an information processing programaccording to a first aspect of the present invention causes a computerof an information processing apparatus which can use coordinate inputmeans and display means, to function as: virtual camera positioningmeans; virtual image generation means; display process means; andzooming-in-on means.

The virtual camera positioning means positions a virtual camera in avirtual space. The virtual image generation means takes an image of thevirtual space by using the virtual camera, to generate a virtual image.The display process means displays, by using the display means, thevirtual image generated by the virtual image generation means. Thezooming-in-on means performs zooming-in-on operation without changing animaging direction of the virtual camera when a predetermined operationis performed on any position in a predetermined range of the coordinateinput means.

In this configuration, an imaging subject taken by the virtual camera iszoomed in on and displayed by a player simply performing a predeterminedoperation at any position in a predetermined range on the coordinateinput means. Therefore, it is possible to improve, for a player,operability of operation, on the coordinate input means, for zooming inon and displaying the imaging subject taken by the virtual camera.Further, since the imaging direction is not changed according to aninput coordinate position, a player can easily perform an input forzooming in on the imaging subject without becoming conscious of theinput coordinate position.

Examples of the coordinate input means include a touch panel and apointing device. The touch panel allows a player to perform coordinateinput by touching on the touch panel. On the other hand, examples of thepointing device include a mouse, and, in this case, a player is allowedto perform coordinate input by clicking the mouse. When the mouse isused, a state in which the clicking operation is received is theinputted state, and a state in which the clicking operation is notreceived is the non-inputted state.

Further, other examples of the pointing device include a remotecontroller capable of pointing (designating) a position on a screen.Specifically, when a player presses a predetermined operation componenton the remote controller in a state where the player orients the remotecontroller toward the screen, the coordinate input is performed. Theinput coordinate position is determined as a position pointed on thescreen by the remote controller. When the remote controller is used, astate in which the predetermined operation component is pressed is theinputted state, and a state in which the predetermined operationcomponent is not pressed is the non-inputted state.

In the computer-readable storage medium having stored therein theinformation processing program according to a second aspect of thepresent invention, the zooming-in-on means cancels the zooming-in-onoperation when the coordinate input means enters a non-inputted stateafter the predetermined operation is performed. In this configuration,the zooming-in-on operation can be performed and the zooming-in-onoperation can be cancelled, by performing a series of operationincluding the predetermined operation and cancel of the coordinate inputin the predetermined operation. Therefore, the zooming-in-on operationcan be cancelled by a simple operation.

In the computer-readable storage medium having stored therein theinformation processing program according to a third aspect of thepresent invention, the computer is caused to further function as imagingdirection change means for changing the imaging direction of the virtualcamera, based on a change direction in which an input coordinateposition is changed when coordinate input is continuously performed bythe coordinate input means. Thus, when a player performs thepredetermined operation, the zooming-in-on operation is performed, andwhen continuous coordinate input is performed, the imaging direction ofthe virtual camera is changed. Therefore, change of an operation on thecoordinate input means enables different types of camera control.

In the computer-readable storage medium having stored therein theinformation processing program according to a fourth aspect of thepresent invention, the computer is caused to further function as:shooting means; aim display means; and aim moving means. The shootingmeans virtually shoots from a predetermined shooting position in thevirtual space. The aim display means displays, in the virtual image, anaim representing a shooting direction of the shooting means. The aimmoving means moves the aim on the virtual image during the zooming-in-onoperation, based on at least the change direction in which the inputcoordinate position is changed, without changing the imaging directionof the virtual camera, when the coordinate input is continuouslyperformed subsequent to the predetermined operation. In thisconfiguration, since the aim can be moved on the virtual image in astate where the virtual space is zoomed in on and displayed, a positionto be shot can be designated on an image which is zoomed in on, therebyenabling precise designation of a position to be shot.

In the computer-readable storage medium having stored therein theinformation processing program according to a fifth aspect of thepresent invention, the computer is caused to further function as imagingdirection change means. The imaging direction change means changes theimaging direction of the virtual camera based on at least a changedirection in which an input coordinate position is changed, whencoordinate input is continuously performed in a state where thepredetermined operation is not performed. In this configuration, alsowhen the zooming-in-on operation is not performed, the aim can be moved.A player can optionally determine whether the aim is to be moved on thevirtual image which is zoomed in on for display, or the aim is to bemoved on the virtual image which is not zoomed in on for display.

In the computer-readable storage medium having stored therein theinformation processing program according to a sixth aspect of thepresent invention, the predetermined operation is an operation ofperforming intermittent coordinate input at any position in thepredetermined range a predetermined number of times within apredetermined time period. In this configuration, the virtual image canbe zoomed in on and displayed by a simple operation being performed.

In the computer-readable storage medium having stored therein theinformation processing program according to a seventh aspect of thepresent invention, the computer is caused to further function as itemproviding means. The item providing means virtually provides a playerobject with an item in the virtual space. The zooming-in-on meanschanges a zooming-in-on rate according to the item provided to theplayer object by the item providing means. In this configuration, sincea zooming-in-on rate is changed according to an item possessed by aplayer object, a player's motivation for obtaining an item can beenhanced.

In the computer-readable storage medium having stored therein theinformation processing program according to an eighth aspect of thepresent invention, the computer is caused to further function as playerobject positioning means. The player object positioning means positionsa player object in the virtual space. The zooming-in-on means sets aposition of the virtual camera to a position of the player object whenthe imaging subject is zoomed in on. When the imaging subject is zoomedin on, it is assumed that a player intends to precisely view the imagingsubject. In this configuration, when the imaging subject is zoomed inon, the player's subjective point of view is used. Therefore, a playercan view the imaging subject which is zoomed in on and is not hidden bythe player object. Accordingly, a player can view the imaging subjectwith enhanced ease.

In the computer-readable storage medium having stored therein theinformation processing program according to a ninth aspect of thepresent invention, the computer is caused to further function as:shooting means; and aim display means. The shooting means virtuallyshoots from a predetermined shooting position in the virtual space, Theaim display means displays, in the virtual image, an aim representing ashooting direction of the shooting means. The zooming-in-on meanscancels the zooming-in-on operation when the coordinate input meansreceives, from a player, a cancel operation for cancelling thezooming-in-on operation. Further, the aim display means changes aposition of the aim according to change of an input coordinate positionwhich is continuously inputted to the coordinate input means, during azooming-in-on time period from when the predetermined operation isdetermined to be received, to when the cancel operation is determined tobe received.

Examples of a process of displaying the aim in the virtual image by theaim display means include a process of positioning an object of the aimin a view volume of the virtual camera in the virtual space. Otherexamples of the process of displaying the aim in the virtual imageinclude a process of superimposing (combining) an image of the aim on(with) a projection image on which the virtual space is projected. Themanner in which an image is combined with the projection image is aknown manner, and detailed description thereof is not given.

In this configuration, the aim is moved when an input coordinateposition is continuously changed during the zooming-in-on time period.Thus, the aim can be moved while the virtual image is zoomed in on anddisplayed. Therefore, a player can precisely select a position to beshot in the virtual image.

In the computer-readable storage medium having stored therein theinformation processing program according to a tenth aspect of thepresent invention, the predetermined operation is a first operation forintermittently performing coordinate input on the coordinate input meansa predetermined number of times. Further, the cancel operation is anoperation for cancelling the coordinate input which is performed lasttime of the predetermined number of times in the first operation. Inthis configuration, by a series of operation in which a player performssliding operation while maintaining coordinate input performed last timeof the predetermined number of times in the first operation, the aim canbe moved in a state where the imaging subject is zoomed in on. Further,when the coordinate input performed last time of the predeterminednumber of times is cancelled, the zooming-in-on of the imaging subjectcan be easily cancelled. Therefore, by a series of operation in which,after the first operation is performed, the sliding operation isperformed while maintaining coordinate input performed last time of thepredetermined number of times, and thereafter the coordinate input iscancelled, the imaging subject can be zoomed in on and displayed, theaim can be moved, and the zooming-in-on of the imaging subject can becancelled.

In the computer-readable storage medium having stored therein theinformation processing program according to an eleventh aspect of thepresent invention, the aim display means changes the position of theaim, during a time period other than the zooming-in-on time period,according to change of the input coordinate position which iscontinuously inputted to the coordinate input means. In thisconfiguration, also during the time period other than the zooming-in-ontime period, the aim can be moved by a player continuously changing theinput coordinate position.

In the computer-readable storage medium having stored therein theinformation processing program according to a twelfth aspect of thepresent invention, the aim display means moves the aim on the displaymeans by a moving distance based on a change amount of the inputcoordinate position when the input coordinate position continuouslyinputted to the coordinate input means is changed. In addition, the aimdisplay means reduces, on the display means, the moving distance of theaim based on the change amount of the input coordinate position, duringthe zooming-in-on time period, so as to be smaller than a movingdistance used during the time period other than the zooming-in-on timeperiod. When the imaging subject is zoomed in on, it is assumed that aplayer intends to precisely select a position to be shot in the imagingsubject. In this configuration, when the imaging subject is zoomed inon, the moving distance of the aim based on change of the inputcoordinate position is reduced so as to be smaller than a movingdistance used when the imaging subject is not zoomed in on. Therefore, aposition to be shot in the imaging subject can be selected with enhancedpreciseness.

In the computer-readable storage medium having stored therein theinformation processing program according to a thirteenth aspect of thepresent invention, the aim display means moves the aim within apredetermined range of the display means, and enlarges the predeterminedrange, during the zooming-in-on time period, so as to be greater than arange used during the time period other than the zooming-in-on timeperiod. Therefore, a range in which the aim is movable can be enlargedaccording to the imaging subject being zoomed in on.

An information processing apparatus according to a fourteenth aspect ofthe present invention can use coordinate input means and display means,and includes: virtual camera positioning means; virtual image generationmeans; display process means; and zooming-in-on means. Further, aninformation processing system according to a fifteenth aspect of thepresent invention can use coordinate input means and display means, andincludes: virtual camera positioning means; virtual image generationmeans; display process means; and zooming-in-on means.

The virtual camera positioning means positions a virtual camera in avirtual space. The virtual image generation means takes an image of thevirtual space by using the virtual camera, to generate a virtual image.The display process means displays, by using the display means, thevirtual image generated by the virtual image generation means. Thezooming-in-on means performs zooming-in-on operation without changing animaging direction of the virtual camera when a predetermined operationis performed on any position in a predetermined range of the coordinateinput means.

In this configuration, the same function and effect as those of thecomputer-readable storage medium having stored therein the informationprocessing program according to the first aspect can be obtained.

An information processing method according to a sixteenth aspect of thepresent invention includes: camera positioning step; virtual imagegeneration step; display step; and zooming-in-on step.

In the camera positioning step, virtual camera positioning meanspositions a virtual camera in a virtual space. In the virtual imagegeneration step, virtual image generation means takes an image of thevirtual space by using the virtual camera, to generate a virtual image.In display step, display process means displays, by using display means,the virtual image generated by the virtual image generation means. Inthe zooming-in-on step, zooming-in-on means performs zooming-in-onoperation without changing an imaging direction of the virtual camerawhen a predetermined operation is performed on any position in apredetermined range of coordinate input means.

In this configuration, the same function and effect as those of thecomputer-readable storage medium having stored therein the informationprocessing program according to the first aspect can be obtained.

According to the present invention, an imaging subject taken by thevirtual camera can be zoomed in on and displayed by a player simplyperforming a predetermined operation at a position desired by the playerin a predetermined range of the coordinate input means, and operabilityof operation on the coordinate input means for zooming in on anddisplaying the imaging subject taken by the virtual camera can beimproved for a player. Further, since the imaging direction of thevirtual camera is not changed according to the input coordinateposition, a player can easily perform an input for zooming-in-onoperation without becoming conscious of the input coordinate position.

These and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the presentinvention will become more apparent from the following detaileddescription of the present invention when taken in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an external view of a game apparatus according to oneembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary internalconfiguration of the game apparatus;

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary display screen for aground battle stage;

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a position and an orientation of avirtual camera Ca in default state;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a position of anaim G3 and a shooting direction of a shooting operation performed by aplayer:

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary display screen for theground battle stage;

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an aim movement allowable range;

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a state in which change of touchposition according to sliding operation is separated into X-componentchange and Y-component change;

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary display screen for theground battle stage;

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the orientation andposition of the virtual camera Ca are changed in the horizontaldirection during the sliding operation;

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the orientation andposition of the virtual camera Ca are changed in the vertical directionduring the sliding operation;

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a virtual camera movement allowablerange in the vertical direction after slide-off, and change of anorientation of the virtual camera Ca in the vertical direction afterslide-off;

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a case where change of a position ofthe aim G3, and a position and an orientation of the virtual camera Cadue to inertial force is decelerated at an increased deceleration rate;

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a case where change of a position ofthe aim G3, and a position and an orientation of the virtual camera Cadue to inertial force is stopped;

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a case where change of a position ofthe aim G3, and a position and an orientation of the virtual camera Cadue to inertial force is decelerated at an increased deceleration rate,

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an upper LCD on which the virtualspace having been zoomed in on is displayed;

FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an angle of view in a normal state;

FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an angle of view in zoomed-in-onstate;

FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an aim movement allowable range setduring zoomed-in-on state;

FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary display screen for anaerial battle stage;

FIG. 21A is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a path definedin a virtual space, and a moving route of a player character;

FIG. 21B is a diagram illustrating a movement allowable direction for aplayer character G1;

FIG. 22A is a diagram illustrating an exemplary display screen for theaerial battle stage;

FIG. 22B is a diagram illustrating change of a default position of theaim G3 on a screen surface G4;

FIG. 22C is a diagram illustrating the upper LCD on which a state isdisplayed where the default position of the player character G1, and theaim G3 for the default position of the player character G1 are changed;

FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating examples of programs and various datastored in a main memory;

FIG. 24 is a flow chart showing an exemplary main process;

FIG. 25 is a flow chart showing an exemplary ground battle stage aimposition and camera control process;

FIG. 26 is a flow chart showing an exemplary normal state aim positionand camera control process;

FIG. 27 is a flow chart showing an exemplary parameter setting process;

FIG. 28 is a flow chart showing an exemplary aim position settingprocess;

FIG. 29 is a flow chart showing an exemplary camera orientation settingprocess;

FIG. 30 is a flow chart showing an exemplary camera position settingprocess;

FIG. 31 is a flow chart showing an exemplary zooming-in-on process;

FIG. 32 is a flow chart showing an exemplary zoomed-in-on state aimsetting process; and

FIG. 33 is a flow chart showing an exemplary aerial battle stagecharacter control process.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Hereinafter, a game apparatus according to one embodiment to which thepresent invention is applied will be described with reference to thedrawings. The game apparatus of the present embodiment typifies aninformation processing apparatus of the present invention. The gameapparatus of the present embodiment includes a touch panel (an exampleof coordinate input means). A game used in the present embodiment is ashooting game represented in a three-dimensional virtual space. In thegame of the present embodiment, basically, a game image taken by avirtual camera positioned behind a player character (player object) isdisplayed, thereby progressing the game (a so-called TPS (Third PersonShooting Game)). The virtual camera is provided such that an orientation(imaging direction) of the virtual camera positioned in thethree-dimensional virtual space can be changed according to an operationperformed on the touch panel by a player.

In the present embodiment, the first feature is that, while a player isperforming sliding operation on a touch panel, an orientation of thevirtual camera is changed according to a sliding amount of the slidingoperation, and further the orientation of the virtual camera may bechanged in some cases when the player is not performing touch operationon the touch panel. The sliding operation herein is an operation ofchanging, after a player touches on the touch panel, a touched positionwhile the player is continuously touching on the touch panel. Namely,the first feature is that, when the player touches off the touch panelafter the sliding operation, the orientation of the virtual camera ischanged due to inertial force after the touch-off according to thesliding operation (sliding direction, sliding speed; at least slidingdirection) performed immediately before the touch-off. In the presentembodiment, “touch-off the touch panel” means that “move away from thetouch panel”, and “touch-off” is also referred to as “slide-off”.However, as described below, when a player touches off the touch panelafter the sliding operation is stopped at a fixed touch position at theend of the sliding operation, the orientation of the virtual camera isnot changed due to inertial force. In the present embodiment, “touch-on”represents a time point when the non-touched state has shifted to thetouched state, whereas “touch-off” also represents a time point when thetouched state has shifted to the non-touched state.

Further, in the present embodiment, the second feature is that a screenis zoomed in on when, for example, an angle of view of the virtualcamera is changed by a player performing double-tapping operation at aposition desired by the player within a predetermined area (for example,an entire surface of the screen) of the touch panel. The “double-tappingoperation” (continuous input) is a touch operation (coordinate input)which is intermittently performed by a player a predetermined number oftimes (for example, twice) within a predetermined time period. Forexample, the “double-tapping operation” means that, within apredetermined time period after the first touch operation, the secondtouch operation is performed. Further, when, in addition to thecondition described above, the condition is satisfied that a position onwhich the second touch operation is performed is distant, by apredetermined or shorter distance, from a position on which the firsttouch operation is performed, the double-tapping operation may bedetected. Further, in the present embodiment, “zoom in on” is simplyreferred to as “zoom”.

Moreover, in the present embodiment, description is given based on theshooting game as described above, and an aim representing a shootingdirection in which a player is to shoot is indicated on a game screen.In the present embodiment, the third feature is that a position of theaim is changed from the default position according to the slidingoperation performed by a player on the touch panel.

Hereinafter, a configuration of a game apparatus 1 according to thepresent embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG.2. FIG. 1 is an external view of a game apparatus according to oneembodiment of the present invention. The game apparatus functions as aninformation processing apparatus of the present invention by executing aprogram of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the game apparatus 1 is a hand-held foldable gameapparatus. FIG. 1 shows the game apparatus 1 in opened state. The gameapparatus 1 has such a size as to be held by both hands or one hand of aplayer even in the opened state.

The game apparatus 1 includes a lower housing 11 and an upper housing21. The lower housing 11 and the upper housing 21 are connected to eachother so as to be openable and closable (foldable). In the example shownin FIG. 1, the lower housing 11 and the upper housing 21 are each formedin a horizontally long plate-like rectangular shape, and are connectedto each other at long side portions thereof so as to be pivotable withrespect to each other. A player normally uses the game apparatus 1 inthe opened state. Further, when the game apparatus 1 is not used, aplayer can keep the game apparatus 1 in closed state. Further, as shownin the example of FIG. 1, in addition to the closed state and the openedstate, the game apparatus 1 is structured such that the lower housing 11and the upper housing 21 can be held so as to form any angle between anangle of the closed state and an angle of the opened state due to, forexample, frictional force generated at a connection portion. In otherwords, the upper housing 21 can be stationary at any angle with respectto the lower housing 11.

The lower housing 11 is provided with a lower LCD (liquid crystaldisplay) 12. The lower LCD 12 has a horizontally long shape, and islocated such that a long side direction thereof corresponds to a longside direction of the lower housing 11. Although an LCD is used as adisplay device incorporated in the game apparatus 1 in the presentembodiment, any other display device such as a display device using EL(Electro Luminescence), or the like may be used. In addition, a displaydevice having any resolution may be used for the game apparatus 1. Asdescribed below in detail, the lower LCD12 is mainly used fordisplaying, in real time, an image taken by an inner camera 23 or anouter camera 25.

On the lower housing 11, operation buttons 14A to 14K, an analogoperation component 14L, and a touch panel 13 are provided as inputdevices. As shown in FIG. 1, among the operation buttons 14A to 14K, thedirection input button 14A, the operation button 14B, the operationbutton 14C, the operation button 14D, the operation button 14E, thepower button 14F, the start button 14G, and the selection button 14H areprovided on an inner main surface of the lower housing 11 which islocated inside when the upper housing 21 and the lower housing 11 arefolded. The direction input button 14A is used for, for example, aselection operation and the like. The operation buttons 14B to 14E areused for, for example, a determination operation, a cancellationoperation, and the like. The power button 14F is used for turning on oroff the power of the game apparatus 1. In the example shown in FIG. 1,the direction input button 14A and the power button 14F are provided onthe inner main surface of the lower housing 11 and to one of the left orthe right of (in FIG. 1, to the left of) of the lower LCD 12 provided inthe vicinity of the center of the inner main surface of the lowerhousing 11. Further, the operation buttons 14B to 14E, the start button14G, and the selection button 14H are provided on the inner main surfaceof the lower housing 11 and to the other of the left or the right of (inFIG. 1, to the right of) of the lower LCD 12. The direction input button14A, the operation buttons 14B to 14E, the start button 14G, and theselection button 14H are used for various operations performed on thegame apparatus 1.

Although the operation buttons 14I to 14K are not indicated in FIG. 1,for example, the L button 14I is provided at a left end portion of anupper side surface of the lower housing 11, and the R button 14J isprovided at a right end portion of the upper side surface of the lowerhousing 11. The L button 14I and the R button 14J are used for, forexample, a photographing instruction operation (shutter operation)performed on the game apparatus 1. The game apparatus 1 executes ashooting game as described above, and the L button 14I is used so as toallow a player to perform a shooting operation. In addition, the soundvolume button 14K is provided on a left side surface of the lowerhousing 11. The sound volume button 14K is used for adjusting soundvolume of speakers of the game apparatus 1.

Further, the game apparatus 1 includes the analog operation component14L. The analog operation component 14L is, for example, a joystickwhich can be tilted in a direction represented by, for example, 360degrees, and outputs an operation signal according to a tilt directionand a tilted amount. In the present embodiment, the analog operationcomponent 14L is a slidable joystick (hereinafter, referred to as ajoystick). The analog operation component 14L receives, from a player,an operation for changing a position of a player character in a virtualspace, so that the game apparatus 1 moves the player character accordingto a sliding direction in which and a sliding amount at which the slidestick is slid.

Furthermore, the game apparatus 1 includes the touch panel 13 as anotherinput device in addition to the operation buttons 14A to 14K, and theanalog operation component 14L. The touch panel 13 is mounted on thelower LCD 12 so as to cover the screen of the lower LCD 12. In thepresent embodiment, the touch panel 13 is, but is not limited to, aresistive film type touch panel. As the touch panel 13, any press-typetouch panel may be used. The touch panel 13 used in the presentembodiment has the same resolution (detection accuracy) as, for example,that of the lower LCD 12. However, the resolution of the touch panel 13and that of the lower LCD 12 may not necessarily be the same with eachother.

In the present embodiment, the touch panel 13 receives, from a player,an instruction for changing a position of an aim, and an instruction forchanging an orientation and a position of the virtual camera. A methodfor changing a position of the aim, and a method for changing anorientation and a position of the virtual camera based on the operationon the touch panel 13 will be specifically described below in detail.

In a right side surface of the lower housing 11, an insertion opening(indicated by a dashed line FIG. 1) is formed. Inside insertion opening,a touch pen 27 which is used for performing an operation on the touchpanel 13 can be accommodated. Although an input onto the touch panel 13is usually performed using the touch pen 27, a finger of a player aswell as the touch pen 27 can be used for operating the touch panel 13.

In the right side surface of the lower housing 11, an insertion opening(indicated by an alternate long and two short dashes line in FIG. 1) isformed for accommodating a memory card 28. Inside the insertion opening,a connector (not shown) is provided for electrically connecting betweenthe game apparatus 1 and the memory card 28. The memory card 28 is, forexample, an SD (Secure Digital) memory card, and detachably mounted onthe connector. The memory card 28 is used for, for example, recording(storing) an image taken by the game apparatus 1, and loading an imagegenerated by another apparatus into the game apparatus 1.

Further, in the upper side surface of the lower housing 11, an insertionopening (indicated by an alternate long and shot dash line in FIG. 1) isformed for accommodating a cartridge 29. Inside the insertion opening, aconnector (not shown) is provided for electrically connecting betweenthe game apparatus 1 and the cartridge 29. The cartridge 29 is a storagemedium storing a game program and the like, and detachably mounted inthe insertion opening formed in the lower housing 11.

Three LEDs 15A to 15C are mounted on a left side part of the connectionportion where the lower housing 11 and the upper housing 21 areconnected to each other. The game apparatus 1 is capable of performingwireless communications with another apparatus. The first LED 15A is litup while the power of the game apparatus 1 is ON. The second LED 15B islit up while the game apparatus 1 is being charged. The third LED 15C islit up while wireless communications are established. Thus, by the threeLEDs 15A to 15C, notification about a state of ON/OFF of the power ofthe game apparatus 1, a state of charge of the game apparatus 1, and astate of communications establishment of the game apparatus 1 can bemade to a player.

Meanwhile, on the upper housing 21, an upper LCD 22 is provided. Theupper LCD 22 has a horizontally long shape, and is located such that along side direction thereof corresponds to a long side direction of theupper housing 21. Similarly to the lower LCD 12, a display device ofanother type may be used instead of the upper LCD 22, and the displaydevice having any resolution may be used. A touch panel may be providedso as to cover the upper LCD 22. On the upper LCD 22, for example, anoperation explanation screen for indicating to a player roles of theoperation buttons 14A to 14K, the analog operation component 14L, andthe touch panel 13 is displayed.

In the upper housing 21, two cameras (the inner camera 23 and the outercamera 25) are provided. As shown in FIG. 1, the inner camera 23 ismounted in an inner main surface in the vicinity of the connectionportion of the upper housing 21. On the other hand, the outer camera 25is mounted in a surface reverse of the main inner surface in which theinner camera 23 is mounted, namely, in an outer main surface of theupper housing 21 (which is the surface located on the outside of thegame apparatus 1 in the closed state, and the back surface of the upperhousing 21 shown in FIG. 1). In FIG. 1, the outer camera 25 is indicatedby a dashed line. Thus, the inner camera 23 is capable of taking animage in a direction in which the inner main surface of the upperhousing 21 faces, and the outer camera 25 is capable of taking an imagein a direction opposite to an imaging direction of the inner camera 23,namely, in a direction in which the outer main surface of the upperhousing 21 faces. Thus, in the present embodiment, the two cameras, thatis, the inner camera 23 and the outer camera 25 are provided such thatthe imaging directions thereof are opposite to each other. For example,a player can take, by the inner camera 23, an image of a view as seenfrom the game apparatus 1 toward the player, and take, by the outercamera 25, an image of a view as seen from the game apparatus 1 in adirection opposite to a direction toward the player.

In the inner main surface in the vicinity of the connection portion, amicrophone (a microphone 41 shown in FIG. 2) is accommodated as a voiceinput device. In the inner main surface in the vicinity of theconnection portion, a microphone hole 16 is formed to allow themicrophone 41 to detect sound outside the game apparatus 1. The positionin which the microphone 41 is accommodated and the position of themicrophone hole 16 are not necessarily on the inner main surface in thevicinity of the connection portion. For example, the microphone 41 maybe accommodated in the lower housing 11, and the microphone hole 16 maybe formed in the lower housing 11 so as to correspond to the position inwhich the microphone 41 is accommodated.

In the outer main surface of the upper housing 21, a fourth LED 26(indicated by a dashed line in FIG. 1) is mounted. The fourth LED 26 islit up at a time when photographing is performed (when the shutterbutton is pressed) by the outer camera 25. Further, the fourth LED 26 islit up while a moving picture is being taken by the outer camera 25. Bythe fourth LED 26, an object person whose image is taken and peoplearound the object person can be notified of photographing having beenperformed (being performed) by the game apparatus 1.

Further, sound holes 24 are formed in the inner main surface of theupper housing 21 to the left and the right, respectively, of the upperLCD 22 provided in the vicinity of the center of the inner main surfaceof the upper housing 21. The speakers are accommodated in the upperhousing 21 and at the back of the sound holes 24. Through the soundholes 24, sound is released from the speakers to the outside of the gameapparatus 1.

As described above, the inner camera 23 and the outer camera 25 whichare components for taking an image, and the upper LCD 22 which isdisplay means for displaying, for example, the operation explanationscreen at the time of photographing are provided in the upper housing21. On the other hand, the input devices (the touch panel 13, theoperation buttons 14A to 14K, and the analog operation component 14L)for performing an operation input on the game apparatus 1, and the lowerLCD 12 which is display means for displaying the game screen areprovided in the lower housing 11. Accordingly, when using the gameapparatus 1, a player can hold the lower housing 11 and perform an inputon the input device while seeing a taken image (an image taken by one ofthe cameras) displayed on the lower LCD 12.

Next, an internal configuration of the game apparatus 1 will bedescribed with reference to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a block diagramillustrating an exemplary internal configuration of the game apparatus1.

As shown in FIG. 2, the game apparatus 1 includes electronic componentsincluding a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 31, a main memory 32, a memorycontrol circuit 33, a stored data memory 34, a preset data memory 35, amemory card interface (memory card I/F) 36 and a cartridge I/F 43, awireless communications module 37, a real time clock (RTC) 38, a powercircuit 39, an interface circuit (I/F circuit) 40, and the like. Theseelectronic components are mounted on an electronic circuit substrate andaccommodated in the lower housing 11 (or may be accommodated in theupper housing 21).

The CPU 31 is information processing means for executing a predeterminedprogram (including an information processing program of the presentinvention). The CPU 31 includes a core 31A for executing processesassociated with communications, and a core 31B for executingapplications. In the present embodiment, a predetermined program isstored in a memory (e.g. the stored data memory 34) within the gameapparatus 1 or in the memory card 28 and/or the cartridge 29. The core31A executes the predetermined program to perform a portion of thecommunications process.

Further, the core 31B executes the predetermined program to perform apredetermined game process. The predetermined game process includes aprocess of generating game image data. More specifically, the core 31Bperforms, as the process of generating the game image data, acalculation process necessary for displaying 3D graphics such asmodeling process, a process of setting a virtual camera and a lightsource, and a rendering process, to generate the game image data everypredetermined time period (for example, every 1/60 seconds) and writesthe game image data in a VRAM area of the main memory 32. Thepredetermined game process includes a main process. The main processwill be described below in detail with reference to FIG. 24.

In the present embodiment, the core 31A is dedicated to thecommunications process, and the game apparatus 1 can communicate withanother game apparatus regardless of execution of an application alsowhile the core 31B is performing the application. It is to be noted thata program executed by the CPU 31 may be stored in advance in a memorywithin the game apparatus 1, may be obtained from the memory card 28and/or the cartridge 29, or may be obtained from another apparatusthrough communications with the other apparatus. For example, theprogram may be downloaded via the Internet from a predetermined server,or may be obtained by downloading a predetermined program stored in astationary game apparatus through communications with the stationarygame apparatus.

The main memory 32, the memory control circuit 33, and the preset datamemory 35 are connected to the CPU 31. The stored data memory 34 isconnected to the memory control circuit 33. The main memory 32 isstorage means used as a work area and a buffer area of the CPU 31. Inother words, the main memory 32 stores various data used for the processperformed by the CPU 31, and also stores a program obtained from theoutside (the memory cards 28, the cartridge 29, other apparatuses, andthe like). The main memory 32 includes a VRAM area used for performingscreen display. In the present embodiment, for example, a PSRAM(Pseudo-SRAM) is used as the main memory 32. The stored data memory 34is storage means for storing, for example, a program executed by the CPU31, and data of images taken by the inner camera 23 and the outer camera25. The stored data memory 34 is implemented as a nonvolatile storagemedium, for example, as a NAND flash memory, in the present embodiment.The memory control circuit 33 is a circuit for controlling reading ofdata from the stored data memory 34 or writing of data in the storeddata memory 34, according to an instruction from the CPU 31. The presetdata memory 35 is storage means for storing data (preset data) ofvarious parameters and the like which are set in advance in the gameapparatus 1. A flash memory connected to the CPU 31 via an SPI (SerialPeripheral Interface) bus can be used as the preset data memory 35.

The memory card I/F 36 is connected to the CPU 31. The memory card I/F36 reads data from the memory card 28 mounted on the connector or writesdata in the memory card 28 according to an instruction from the CPU 31.In the present embodiment, data of images taken by the outer camera 25is written in the memory card 28, and image data stored in the memorycard 28 is read from the memory card 28 to be stored in the stored datamemory 34, for example.

The cartridge I/F 43 is connected to the CPU 31. The cartridge I/F 43reads data from the cartridge 29 mounted on the connector or writes datain the cartridge 29 according to an instruction from the CPU 31. In thepresent embodiment, an application program is read from the cartridge 29to be executed by the CPU 31, and data regarding the application program(e.g. saved data for a game and the like) is written in the cartridge29.

The wireless communications module 37 has a function for connecting to awireless LAN by, for example, a method compliant with the IEEE802.11.b/gstandard. The wireless communications module 37 is connected to the core31A. The core 31A is capable of receiving data from and transmittingdata to another apparatus using the wireless communications module 37via the Internet or without using the Internet.

Further, the wireless communications module 37 has a function ofperforming wireless communications with the same type of game apparatusin a predetermined communications method. Radio wave used in thewireless communications is weak radio wave which, for example, requiresno license from wireless stations, and the wireless communicationsmodule 37 performs short distance wireless communications within a rangeof data transmission distance of 10 m, for example. Therefore, when thecore 31A is located within a range in which the game apparatus 1 andanother game apparatus 1 can make communications with each other (forexample, when a distance between two apparatuses is less than or equalto 10 m), the core 31A enables data transmission to and data receptionfrom the other game apparatus 1 by using the wireless communicationsmodule 37. The data transmission and data reception are performed whenan instruction is issued from a player. Further, the data transmissionand data reception are automatically performed repeatedly atpredetermined time intervals regardless of an instruction from a player.

Further, the RTC 38 and the power circuit 39 are connected to the CPU31. The RTC 38 counts a time, and outputs the time to the CPU 31. Forexample, the CPU 31 is capable of calculating a current time (date) andthe like based on the time counted by the RTC 38. The power circuit 39controls electric power from a power supply (typically, a batteryaccommodated in the lower housing 11) of the game apparatus 1 to supplythe electric power to each component of the game apparatus 1.

The game apparatus 1 includes the microphone 41 and an amplifier 42. Themicrophone 41 and the amplifier 42 are connected to the I/F circuit 40.The microphone 41 detects voice produced by a player toward the gameapparatus 1, and outputs, to the I/F circuit 40, a sound signalindicating the voice. The amplifier 42 amplifies the sound signal fromthe I/F circuit 40, and causes the speakers (not shown) to output thesound signal. The I/F circuit 40 is connected to the CPU 31.

The touch panel 13 is connected to the I/F circuit 40. The 1/F circuit40 includes a sound control circuit for controlling the microphone 41and the amplifier 42 (the speakers), and a touch panel control circuitfor controlling the touch panel 13. The sound control circuit performsA/D conversion and D/A conversion of the sound signal, and converts thesound signal into sound data in a predetermined format. The touch panelcontrol circuit generates touch position data in a predetermined formatbased on a signal from the touch panel 13, and outputs the touchposition data to the CPU 31. For example, the touch position data isdata indicating a coordinate of a position at which an input isperformed on an input surface of the touch panel 13. The touch panelcontrol circuit reads a signal from the touch panel 13 and generates thetouch position data every predetermined time period. The CPU 31 iscapable of recognizing a position at which an input is performed on thetouch panel 13 by obtaining the touch position data through the I/Fcircuit 40.

The operation component 14 includes the operation buttons 14A to 14K,and the analog operation component 14L, and is connected to the CPU 31.Operation information representing an input state of each of theoperation buttons 14A to 14K and the analog operation component 14L(whether or not each of the operation buttons 14A to 14K and the analogoperation component 14L is pressed) is outputted from the operationcomponent 14 to the CPU 31. The CPU 31 obtains the operation informationfrom the operation component 14, and performs a process according to aninput performed on the operation component 14.

The inner camera 23 and the outer camera 25 are connected to the CPU 31.Each of the inner camera 23 and the outer camera 25 takes an imageaccording to an instruction from the CPU 31, and outputs data of thetaken image to the CPU 31. In the present embodiment, the CPU 31 issuesan imaging instruction to one of the inner camera 23 or the outer camera25, and the camera which has received the imaging instruction takes animage and transmits image data to the CPU 31.

The lower LCD 12 and the upper LCD 22 are connected to the CPU 31. Eachof the lower LCD 12 and the upper LCD 22 displays an image thereonaccording to an instruction from the CPU 31.

Hereinafter, contents of the shooting game executed by the gameapparatus 1 of the present embodiment will be described with referenceto FIG. 3 to FIG. 22. In the shooting game, a plurality of stages areprovided, and when a player clears one stage, the player can proceed tothe subsequent stage. Further, two types of the stages, that is, anaerial battle stage and a ground battle stage are provided. In theaerial battle stage, a player character flies in a virtual spacerepresenting the air such as sky or outer space. In the ground battlestage, the player character walks or runs in a virtual spacerepresenting a land. In the aerial battle stage, a path on which theplayer character moves is previously defined, and the player characterautomatically moves along the path. The player character is allowed tomove away from the path by a predetermined distance according to anoperation performed by a player. On the other hand, in the ground battlestage, the player character does not automatically move, and freelymoves according to an operation performed by the player. In each of theaerial battle stage and the ground battle stage, a start point and agoal (or criterion, such as a state in which a boss character is knockeddown, for determining that the goal is reached) are defined in thevirtual space. When the player character reaches the goal by a playerperforming a character movement operation for moving the playercharacter from the start point to the goal, the game is cleared.

In the route from the start point up to the goal, enemy charactersappear and attack. When a physical value of the player character becomeszero due to the attack of the enemy character, the game is ended. Aplayer can perform operations for moving the player character, and cancause the player character to shoot at and defeat the enemy charactersby issuance of instruction for shooting action, or to avoid attack fromthe enemy characters. The shooting direction is determined based on aposition of the aim in the virtual space as described above.

The features of the present embodiment are that a position of the aim,and an orientation, a position, and an angle of view of the virtualcamera are changed according to an operation performed on the touchpanel 13 by a player. Hereinafter, the features of the presentembodiment that a position of the aim, and an orientation, a position,and an angle of view of the virtual camera are changed will bedescribed. Process of changing a position of the aim, and anorientation, a position, and an angle of view of the virtual camera aredifferent between in the ground battle stage and in the aerial battlestage. Therefore, the process of changing a position of the aim, and anorientation, a position, and an angle of view of the virtual camera willbe described separately for the ground battle stage and for the aerialbattle stage.

(Change of position of aim in ground battle stage during slidingoperation)

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary display screen for theground battle stage. In the ground battle stage, the virtual space asviewed from a virtual camera Ca (see FIG. 4) is displayed on the upperLCD 22. A player character G1, a plurality of enemy characters G2 whichare non-player characters that attack the player character, and an aimG3 (a plate polygon object which is controlled so as to be constantlyoriented toward the virtual camera) are positioned in the virtual space.Further, a background object representing the ground is positioned inthe virtual space, which is not shown. In the ground battle stage, theplayer character G1 is able to freely move in the virtual spaceaccording to the character movement operation performed by a playerusing the analog operation component 14L.

In the present embodiment, the virtual camera Ca is controlled such thatthe position and the orientation of the virtual camera Ca basically moveso as to follow the movement of the character. FIG. 4 is a diagramillustrating the position and the orientation of the virtual camera Cain the default state. FIG. 4 shows a state in which the virtual space isviewed from vertically above the virtual space. FIG. 7, FIG. 10, FIG. 13to FIG. 15, FIG. 17, FIG. 18, FIG. 19 and FIG. 22B show the similarstate.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the default state, the position of the virtualcamera Ca (represented as “P1” in the drawings) is set on the same levelplane as a representative point P2 of the player character G1, so as tobe distant from the representative point P2 by a predetermined distance.Further, in the default state, the position of the virtual camera Ca isset such that the orientation of the player character G1 in thehorizontal direction (direction toward which the front of the playercharacter G1 is oriented) and the orientation of the virtual camera Cain the horizontal direction are the same. The orientation of the virtualcamera is set such that the virtual camera in the default state ishorizontally set and oriented toward the player character G1 (therepresentative point P2). Further, the representative point P2 is setto, for example, a position of a predetermined part of the playercharacter G1 (for example, position corresponding to the center ofgravity of the head).

Next, the default position of the aim G3 will be described withreference to the drawings (FIG. 4). A representative point P3 of the aimG3 in the default state is set to a point of intersection of a screensurface G4 and a straight line extending from the representative pointP2 of the player character G1 in a direction toward which the virtualcamera Ca is oriented. For example, the representative point P3 is setto a predetermined position (for example, the center position) of theplate polygon object of the aim G3. In the present embodiment, the aimG3 is positioned on the screen surface G4. However, instead thereof, theaim G3 may be positioned on the plane which is distant from therepresentative point P2 by a predetermined distance in the directiontoward which the virtual camera Ca is oriented, and which is orthogonalto the imaging direction of the virtual camera Ca. Further, in thepresent embodiment, objects superimposed on (in front of) the aim G3 issubjected to transmission process so as to prevent a state in which theaim G3 is hidden behind the player character G1 and the enemy charactersG2, and is not displayed. Thus, the aim G3 is constantly displayedwithout hiding the aim G3 behind other objects. Instead thereof, theposition of the aim G3 in the virtual space may be transformed to aposition (position-on-screen) on a screen, and an image of the aim G3may be combined with an image taken by the virtual camera Ca at theposition-on-screen of the image taken by the virtual camera Ca.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a position ofthe aim G3 and a shooting direction. FIG. 5 shows a state of the virtualspace as viewed from vertically above the virtual space. As shown inFIG. 5, the shooting direction is a direction from the representativepoint P2 of the player character G1 toward the representative point P3of the aim G3, and a bullet object G5 is shot from the representativepoint P2, and flies in this shooting direction. The enemy character G2which collides against the bullet object G5 is shot, and defeated. Inthe present embodiment, when the enemy character G2 is positionedhorizontally within a predetermined angular range which includes, at thecenter thereof, a straight line connecting between the representativepoint P2 of the player character G1 and the representative point P3 ofthe aim G3, the shooting direction is amended so as to be orientedtoward the enemy character G2 positioned within the predeterminedangular range.

Next, movement of the aim during the sliding operation (a state in whichthe sliding operation is performed, and touch-off is not performed) willbe described with reference to FIG. 6 to FIG. 8. FIG. 6 is a diagramillustrating an exemplary display screen for the ground battle stage.FIG. 6 shows a state in which the aim G3 is moved according to thesliding operation. In the present embodiment, when a player performs thesliding operation on the touch panel 13, the aim G3 is moved in thevirtual space by a moving distance based on a sliding amount in a movingdirection based on the sliding amount. In FIG. 6, the touch pen 27 isslid from the touched position shown in FIG. 3 by a sliding amount al inan X-axis positive direction. The X-axis positive direction herein isdefined in a coordinate system of the touch panel 13. In the coordinatesystem of the touch panel 13, the X-axis positive direction is definedas the rightward direction in FIG. 6, the X-axis negative direction isdefined as the leftward direction in FIG. 6, the Y-axis positivedirection is defined as the upward direction in FIG. 6, and the Y-axisnegative direction is defined as the downward direction in FIG. 6. Atthis time, the aim G3 is moved from the default position by the movingdistance corresponding to the sliding amount a1 in the X-axis directionof a camera coordinate system. The aim G3 is not allowed to move withoutlimitation according to the sliding operation. The aim G3 is allowed tomove in a range (aim movement allowable range) indicated by dotted lineshown in FIG. 6. It is to be noted that the dotted line is not displayedon the screen.

FIG. 7 shows the aim movement allowable range. The aim movementallowable range is defined as a range defined, on the screen surface G4,by an angle smaller than the angle θ1 of view of the virtual camera Ca.Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the aim G3 is allowed to moverightward and leftward within a range which is horizontally defined byan angle θ2 x (smaller than θ1), and which includes, at the centerthereof, a straight line extending from the representative point P2 inthe direction toward which the virtual camera Ca is oriented. Further,the aim G3 is allowed to move upward and downward within a range whichis vertically defined by an angle θ2 y (smaller than θ1), and whichincludes, at the center thereof, the straight line extending from therepresentative point P2 in the direction toward which the virtual cameraCa is oriented.

As described above, the representative point P3 of the aim G3 in thedefault state is on the straight line extending from the representativepoint P2 of the player character G1 in the direction toward which thevirtual camera Ca is oriented, and the aim movement allowable range is arange which is horizontally defined by the angle θ2 x so as to extendrightward and leftward from the straight line extending from therepresentative point P2 of the player character G1 in the directiontoward which the virtual camera Ca is oriented, and which is verticallydefined by the angle θ2 y so as to extend upward and downward from thesame straight line. Namely, the position of the aim G3, and the aimmovement allowable range are determined based on the position and theorientation of the virtual camera, and are changed so as to follow theposition and the orientation of the virtual camera Ca.

As shown in FIG. 8, change of the touch position in the slidingoperation is detected separately as the change of the X-component andthe change of the Y-component in the coordinate system of the touchpanel 13. Among the sliding amount a1, a change amount of theX-component is represented as a change amount ax, whereas the changeamount of the Y-component is represented as a change amount ay. Therepresentative point P3 of the aim G3 is moved in the X-axis directionin the coordinate system of the virtual camera Ca by a moving distancebased on the change amount ax of the X-component. The representativepoint P3 of the aim G3 is moved in the Y-axis direction in thecoordinate system of the virtual camera Ca by a moving distance based onthe change amount ay of the Y-component. In the coordinate system of thevirtual camera Ca, the X-axis positive direction is defined as therightward direction in FIG. 7, the X-axis negative direction is definedas the leftward direction in FIG. 7, the Y-axis positive direction isdefined as the front side direction in FIG. 7, and the Y-axis negativedirection is defined as the far side direction in FIG. 7.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the position of the aimG3 in the virtual space can be changed by a player performing thesliding operation which is a simple intuitive operation. In conventionaltechnology, the aim G3 is constantly located at the center of thedisplay screen, and the orientation of the virtual camera itself needsto be changed in order to change the position of the aim. However, inthe present embodiment, the position of the aim G3 can be changed withina predetermined range without changing the orientation or the positionof the virtual camera Ca, thereby enabling the shooting direction to bechanged.

(Change of orientation and position of virtual camera in ground battlestage through sliding operation)

Next, change of an orientation and a position of the virtual cameraduring the sliding operation will be described with reference to FIG. 9to FIG. 11. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary display screenfor the ground battle stage. In the example of FIG. 9, the touch pen 27is further slid by a sliding amount a2 from the touch position shown inFIG. 6. Therefore, in this example, the touch pen 27 is moved from thetouch-on position by the sliding amount a (the sliding amount a1+thesliding amount a2). In this example, when the aim G3 moves by a movingdistance corresponding to the sliding amount a1, the aim G3 reaches aboundary of the aim movement allowable range. In the present embodiment,until the aim G3 reaches a boundary position, the position of the aim G3is changed according to the sliding operation, and after the aim G3 hasreached the boundary position, the orientation and the position of thevirtual camera Ca are changed according to the sliding operation.

Namely, the orientation and the position of the virtual camera Ca arechanged, in a degree corresponding to the sliding amount a2, in thedirection corresponding to the direction in which the sliding operationis performed, after the aim G3 has reached the boundary.

In the following description, a2 x represents a sliding amount obtainedin the X-axis direction (the X-axis direction in the coordinate systemof the touch panel 13) after the aim G3 has reached the boundaryposition in the X-axis direction, and a2 y represents a sliding amountobtained in the Y-axis direction (the Y-axis direction in the coordinatesystem of the touch panel 13) after the aim G3 has reached the boundaryposition in the Y-axis direction.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the orientation andthe position of the virtual camera Ca are changed in the horizontaldirection during the sliding operation. The position of the virtualcamera Ca is set, on the circumference of the circle having apredetermined radius r1 and having the representative point P2 at thecenter thereof, on the level plane including the representative point P2of the player character G1. Namely, the movement allowable range(virtual camera movement allowable range) of the virtual camera Ca inthe horizontal direction is set on the circumference of the circle. Whenthe sliding operation is performed in the rightward direction (theX-axis positive direction) shown in FIG. 1, the position of the virtualcamera Ca is changed according to the sliding amount a2 x from thedefault position in the direction represented by C1 after the aim G3 hasreached the right side boundary in the X-axis direction. On the otherhand, when the sliding operation is performed in the leftward direction(the X-axis negative direction) shown in FIG. 1, the position of thevirtual camera Ca is changed according to the sliding amount a2 x fromthe default position in the direction represented by C2 after the aim G3has reached the left side boundary in the X-axis direction.

Also after the virtual camera Ca has been moved, the orientation of thevirtual camera Ca is changed so as to orient the virtual camera Catoward the representative point P2 of the player character G1. In FIG.10, although the orientation of the virtual camera Ca in the defaultstate is set so as to orient the virtual camera Ca toward the directionindicated by an arrow A, the orientation of the virtual camera Ca ischanged so as to orient the virtual camera Ca toward the directionindicated by an arrow B after the position has been changed. Asdescribed above, the position of the virtual camera Ca is changedaccording to the sliding amount a2 x and the direction in which thesliding operation is performed, so that the orientation of the virtualcamera Ca is changed according to the sliding amount a2 x and thedirection in which the sliding operation is performed.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a state where the orientation and theposition of the virtual camera Ca are changed in the vertical directionduring the sliding operation. The position of the virtual camera Ca isset, on the circumference of an arc of the circle having a predeterminedradius r1 and having the representative point P2 at the center thereof,on the vertical plane including the representative point P2 of theplayer character G1. Namely, the movement allowable range of the virtualcamera in the vertical direction is set on the circumference of the arcof the circle. Further, the virtual camera Ca is movable downward withina range defined by an angle α1° (smaller than 90 degrees) relative tothe straight line r1, and upward within a range defined by an angle α2°(for example, 90 degrees) relative to the straight line r1. When thesliding operation in the upward direction shown in FIG. 1 is performed,the position of the virtual camera Ca is changed from the defaultposition according to the sliding amount a2 y in the directionrepresented by C3 after the aim G3 has reached the upper side boundaryin the Y-axis direction. Further, when the sliding operation in thedownward direction shown in FIG. 1 is performed, the position of thevirtual camera Ca is changed from the default position according to thesliding amount a2 y in the direction represented by C4 after the aim G3has reached the lower side boundary in the Y-axis direction.

The orientation of the virtual camera Ca is changed such that thevirtual camera Ca is oriented toward the representative point P2 of theplayer character G1 after the virtual camera Ca has been moved. In FIG.11, although the orientation of the virtual camera Ca in the defaultstate is set so as to orient the virtual camera Ca toward the directionindicated by an arrow A, the orientation of the virtual camera Ca ischanged such that the virtual camera Ca is oriented toward the directionindicated by an arrow C after the position has been changed. Asdescribed above, also in the vertical direction, the position of thevirtual camera Ca is changed according to the sliding amount a2 y andthe direction in which the sliding operation is performed, so that theorientation of the virtual camera Ca is changed according to the slidingamount a2 y and the direction in which the sliding operation isperformed.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the position of the aimG3, the orientation and the position of the virtual camera Ca may bechanged by the sliding operation being performed, and further theposition of the aim G3, and the orientation and the position of thevirtual camera Ca are changed due to inertial force also after“slide-off” (touch-off is performed during the sliding operation) isperformed. The change due to inertial force does not occur during thesliding operation.

Hereinafter, change of the position of the aim G3, and the orientationand the position of the virtual camera Ca due to inertial force, will bedescribed with reference to FIG. 7, FIG. 10, and FIG. 12 to FIG. 15.

(Change of position of aim in ground battle stage after slide-off)

Firstly, when the aim does not reach the boundary of the aim movementallowable range at a time point when the slide-off is performed, theposition of the aim G3 is changed due to inertial force.

The movement of the aim G3 due to inertial force will be described.Firstly, the aim movement allowable range is the same as the aimmovement allowable range set for the sliding operation described withreference to FIG. 7. However, the aim movement allowable range set forthe change due to inertial force is different from the aim movementallowable range set for the sliding operation in the following points.That is, the aim G3 is moved, during the sliding operation, according tothe direction corresponding to the direction in which the slidingoperation is performed, and the moving distance corresponding to thesliding amount, whereas, after slide-off, the aim G3 is moved due toinertial force according to the sliding direction and the sliding amountobtained immediately before touch-off, and the aim G3 graduallydecelerates and stops. When a player touches a desired one point on thetouch panel 13 before the aim G3 stops in the operation due to theinertial force, the aim G3 immediately stops moving. Therefore, in orderto move the aim G3 to a position desired by the player, the player maysimply touch on a desired position when the aim moving due to theinertial force reaches the desired position after slide-off. Thus, theaim G3 can be moved to a desired position with enhanced operabilitywithout continuing the touch operation.

(Change of orientation and position of Virtual camera in ground battlestage after slide-off)

When the aim has already reached the boundary of the aim movementallowable range at a time point when the slide-off is performed, orafter the aim G3 moving due to inertial force has reached the boundaryof the aim movement allowable range, the orientation and the position ofthe virtual camera are changed due to inertial force.

Change of the orientation of the virtual camera Ca due to inertialforce, and change of the position of the virtual camera Ca due toinertial force will be described. The virtual camera movement allowablerange in the horizontal direction and the change of the orientation ofthe virtual camera Ca in the horizontal direction are the same as thoseduring the sliding operation described with reference to FIG. 10.However, the virtual camera movement allowable range in the verticaldirection and the change of the orientation of the virtual camera Ca inthe vertical direction are different from those during the slidingoperation.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the virtual camera movement allowablerange in the vertical direction after slide-off, and change of theorientation of the virtual camera Ca in the vertical direction afterslide-off. As shown in FIG. 12, also after the slide-off, the positionof the virtual camera Ca is set, on the circumference of an arc of thecircle having the predetermined radius r1 and having the representativepoint P2 of the player character G1 at the center thereof, on thevertical plane including the representative point P2 of the playercharacter G1, similarly to in the sliding operation. The position of thevirtual camera Ca can be changed on the circumference of the arc.However, after slide off, the virtual camera movement allowable range isdefined such that the virtual camera Ca is movable downward within arange defined by an angle α1° (smaller than 90 degrees) relative to thestraight line r1, and upward within a range defined by the angle α1°relative to the straight line r1, unlike in the sliding operation. It isto be noted that, during the sliding operation, the virtual camera Ca ismovable upward within the range defined by the angle α2°, and the angleα2° is greater than the angle α1°. Thus, the virtual camera movementallowable range after slide-off is narrower than that for the slidingoperation. The orientation of the virtual camera Ca after slide-off ischanged in the same manner as that for the sliding operation. However,since the virtual camera movement allowable range in the verticaldirection after slide-off is narrower than that for the slidingoperation, the orientation of the virtual camera Ca in the verticaldirection can be changed after slide-off to a degree less than a degreefor the sliding operation (the orientation of the virtual camera Ca inthe vertical direction can be changed in a range between the D directionand the E direction after slide-off).

After the aim G3 has reached the boundary of the aim movement allowablerange, the orientation and the position of the virtual camera Ca arechanged or moved, after slide-off, due to inertial force based on thesliding direction and the sliding amount obtained immediately before thetouch-off. The change of the orientation and the position of the virtualcamera Ca gradually decelerates to stop. If a player touches a desiredone point on the touch panel 13 before the change of the orientation andthe position of the virtual camera Ca due to the inertial force stops,the change of the orientation and the position of the virtual camera Caimmediately stops. Therefore, in order to change the orientation and theposition of the virtual camera Ca as desired by a player, the player maysimply touch on a desired position when the orientation and the positionof the virtual camera Ca changing due to inertial force reaches thedesired orientation and position after slide-off. Thus, the orientationand the position of the virtual camera Ca can be changed to desiredorientation and position without continuing touch operation by theplayer, thereby enabling the orientation and the position of the virtualcamera Ca to be changed with enhanced operability.

After slid off, the position and the orientation of the virtual cameraCa in the vertical direction are automatically restored gradually to thedefault position (on the same level plane as the representative point P2of the player character G1) and the (horizontal) default orientation.

As described above, the position of the aim G3 is determined based onthe position and the orientation of the virtual camera Ca. Therefore,when the position and the orientation of the virtual camera Ca arechanged by the sliding operation being performed or due to the inertialforce after slide-off, the position of the aim G3 is changed accordingthereto. However, the position of the aim G3 on the screen is notchanged (for example, when the virtual camera Ca is moved due toinertial force after the aim has reached the boundary position, the aimG3 remains located at the boundary position).

(Change of deceleration rate of deceleration of virtual cameracontrolled according to inertial force: when NPC exists within apredetermined range in imaging direction of virtual camera)

As described above, the position of the aim G3, and the orientation andthe position of the virtual camera Ca are changed due to inertial forceafter slide-off, and the change gradually decelerates. In the presentembodiment, the rate of the deceleration of the change is increased whena predetermined condition is satisfied. Specifically, when a non-playercharacter (NPC) exists within a predetermined range in the imagingdirection of the virtual camera, the deceleration rate is increased. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 13, when an angle formed between: a straightline extending from a position of the virtual camera Ca moving due toinertial force, in the direction toward which the virtual camera Ca isoriented; and a straight line extending from the position of the virtualcamera Ca to a position of an NPC, is less than or equal to apredetermined angle α3°, the rate of the deceleration of the change ofthe orientation and the position of the virtual camera Ca due toinertial force is increased. A subject object for which the rate of thedeceleration is increased when the subject object exists within thepredetermined range in the imaging direction may be any NPC, or aspecific NPC (for example, all the enemy characters, or a specific typeof the enemy characters). Alternatively, when the enemy characters haveattacked the player character G1 and delivered a damaging blow to theplayer character G1, the identification information of such enemycharacters G2 are stored, and only such enemy characters G2 may beidentified as the subject object for which the rate of the decelerationis increased when the subject object exists within the predeterminedrange in the imaging direction (or the rate of the deceleration for suchenemy characters may be further increased). The rate of the decelerationmay be changed according to the type of the NPC. Thus, when, forexample, the enemy characters G2 to be shot by a player are displayed inthe vicinity of the center of the imaging range of the virtual camera,the orientation and the position of the virtual camera Ca are graduallychanged, so that the enemy characters G2 can be easily captured by thevirtual camera.

(Change of rate of deceleration of virtual camera controlled accordingto inertial force: when the number of NPCs that exist near playercharacter is greater than or equal to a predetermined number)

Further, as shown in FIG. 14, when the number of the enemy characters G2that are distant from the player character G1 by a predetermined orshorter distance, is greater than or equal to a predetermined number (orthe number of the enemy characters G2 that exist in the present subjectplay area is greater than or equal to a predetermined number), a processfor “change of rate of deceleration: when NPC exists within apredetermined range in imaging direction of virtual camera Ca” asdescribed above may be stopped. When an increased number of the enemycharacters G2 exist, a probability of the enemy characters G2 existingin the imaging direction is increased, and the deceleration isfrequently enhanced, so that the camera control due to inertial forcedoes not effectively function. Therefore, when the increased number ofthe enemy characters G2 are located near the player character G2, theprocess of the change of the rate of the deceleration as described aboveis stopped.

(Change of rate of deceleration of virtual camera controlled accordingto inertial force: when imaging direction is the same as directiontoward which player character is to move)

Further, in the present embodiment, in the ground battle stage, apredetermined route connecting between the start point and the goal forthe ground battle stage is defined as a path. The path is used forguiding the player character G1 in the direction (route) in which theplayer character G1 is to move, and the coordinates of the path and themoving direction (only horizontal direction) set for each coordinate ofthe path are defined in the virtual game space. (Alternatively, thecoordinates and each moving direction may be defined so as to be buriedin the ground object). For example, when the player character G1 is nearthe path (for example, is distant from the path by a predetermined orshorter distance), an arrow object indicating the moving direction isdisplayed. As shown in FIG. 15, when the virtual camera Ca (or theplayer character G1) is near the path (for example, when a distance fromthe virtual camera Ca to the path is shorter than or equal to apredetermined distance, or when a distance from the player character G1to the path is shorter than or equal to a predetermined distance), therate of the deceleration of the change of the orientation and theposition of the virtual camera Ca due to inertial force may beincreased. Specifically, in a case where the moving direction(horizontal direction) defined at a point on the path nearest to a point(or a point at which the player character G1 is positioned) at which thevirtual camera Ca is positioned is distant by an angular distance of anangle α4° or less relative to the direction (horizontal direction)toward which the virtual camera Ca is oriented, the rate of thedeceleration of the change may be increased. Therefore, when theposition of the virtual camera Ca (or the position of the playercharacter G1) is near the path, and the orientation of the virtualcamera Ca is approximate to the direction indicated by the path, theorientation and the position of the virtual camera Ca are graduallychanged, so that a player can easily control the virtual camera Ca so asto be oriented toward the direction in which the player character G1 isto move.

(Zooming process in ground battle stage)

Next, zooming process in the ground battle stage will be described withreference to FIG. 16 to FIG. 18. FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating theupper LCD 22 on which the virtual space having been zoomed in on isdisplayed. In the ground battle stage, when a player performs doubletapping operation on the touch panel 13, the point of view of thevirtual camera Ca is changed to a subjective point of view as shown inFIG. 16, and the virtual space which is zoomed in on is projected by thevirtual camera Ca so as to be greater than the virtual space in a normalstate. Specifically, in a state where the gazing point is maintained soas to be constant, the angle θ1 of view of the virtual camera Ca ischanged, hereby displaying the virtual space which is zoomed in on. FIG.17 is a diagram illustrating an angle of view in a normal state (whenthe zooming is not performed in the ground battle stage), and FIG. 18 isa diagram illustrating an angle of view for a period (in the zoomedstate) in which the virtual space which is zoomed in on is displayed.When the double tapping operation is performed, the angle θ1 of view ofthe virtual camera Ca is reduced, so that the projection range on thescreen surface G4 for an object such as the enemy character G2 isenlarged. The oblique line portions in FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 represent theprojection range of the enemy character G2. Therefore, when the angle θ1of view is reduced, the zoomed display is performed.

The zooming process described above is performed by the double tappingoperation. The double tapping operation may be performed in any positionin a predetermined range (for example, the entire surface of the touchpanel 13) on the touch panel 13. Thus, when a player performs a simpleoperation such as the double tapping operation on a desired position onthe touch panel 13, the game apparatus 1 is instructed to execute thezooming process.

The zooming is performed while the second touch operation in the doubletapping is continued, and when the second touch operation is off, thezooming process is cancelled, and the process is restored to a normalprocess. While the second touch operation in the double tapping is beingcontinued, the zooming process is continued even if the touch positionis changed.

In the zooming, the point of view of the virtual camera Ca is changed tothe subjective point of view, as described above. Namely, the positionof the virtual camera Ca is set to the position of the representativepoint P2 of the player character G1 (see FIG. 19). Further, even whenthe sliding operation is performed during the zooming (namely, evenwhen, while the second touch operation of the double tapping iscontinued, the touch position is changed), the orientation and theposition the virtual camera Ca are not changed. When the slidingoperation is performed during the zooming, the position of the aim G3 ischanged.

(Movement of aim G3 during zooming process)

Hereinafter, movement of the aim G3 during the zooming process will bedescribed with reference to FIG. 19. Also when the zooming is performed,the aim G3 is positioned on the screen surface G4, and the defaultposition in the zoomed state is the same as the default position in thenormal state (non-zoomed state). Further, the aim G3 is moved from thedefault position according to the direction and the sliding amount ofthe sliding operation performed during the zooming process. However, theposition of the aim G3 can be changed only by the sliding operationduring the zooming process, and the aim G3 cannot be moved due toinertial force.

Further, FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating the aim movement allowablerange set during the zoomed-in-on state. As shown in FIG. 19, the aimmovement allowable range is enlarged as compared to the aim movementallowable range in the normal status. Specifically, the aim movementallowable range is the entirety of the screen surface G4 during thezooming. Namely, an angle θ2 (θ2 x, θ2 y) for defining the movementallowable range during the zooming is greater than an angle θ2 (θ2 x, θ2y) for the normal state. Specifically, the angle is set so as to beequal to the angle θ1 of view. Further, the moving distance of the aimG3 relative to the amount of the sliding operation is smaller than thatfor the normal status. Thus, a player is allowed to minutely adjust theposition of the aim G3 during the zooming, as compared to in the normalstate.

(Change of position of aim, and orientation and position of camera inaerial battle stage)

Next, process steps associated with the position of the aim G3, and theorientation and the position of the virtual camera Ca in the aerialbattle stage will be described. In the aerial battle stage, the angle θ1of view of the virtual camera Ca is not changed, and the virtual spaceto be displayed is not zoomed. FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating anexemplary display screen for the aerial battle stage

As shown in FIG. 20, also in the aerial battle stage, similarly to inthe ground battle stage, the virtual space as viewed from the virtualcamera Ca (see FIG. 4) is displayed on the upper LCD 22. As in theground battle stage, the player character G1, a plurality of the enemycharacters G2 corresponding to non-player characters that attack theplayer character, and the aim G3 are positioned in the virtual space.Further, in the aerial battle stage, a background object representing,for example, the air such as sky or the outer space are positioned inthe virtual space, which are not shown, unlike in the ground battlestage.

In the present embodiment, also in the aerial battle stage, apredetermined route is defined, as a path, in a virtual area sectionfrom a start point to a goal as described above. However, unlike in theground battle stage, the player character G1 automatically moves alongthe defined path even if a player does not perform the charactermovement operation. FIG. 21A is a diagram illustrating a relationshipbetween the path defined in the virtual space, and the moving route ofthe player character. FIG. 21A shows the virtual space as viewed fromvertically above the virtual space. In FIG. 21A, the position and thedirection of the path are indicated by an arrow of an alternate long andtwo short dashes line. It is to be noted that the path is not displayedon the screen. FIG. 21A shows a state in which the player character G1automatically moves in a case where a player never performs thecharacter movement operation (namely, a player never operates the analogoperation component 14L). Thus, when the character movement operation isnot performed, the player character G1 moves along the path such thatthe representative point P2 passes through the path. However, a playeris allowed to move the player character G1 from the path within apredetermined range by performing the character movement operation.

Next, movement of the player character G1 based on the charactermovement operation will be described with reference to FIG. 21B. FIG.21B is a diagram illustrating the movement allowable direction for theplayer character G1. As shown in FIG. 21B, in the present embodiment,the Z-axis direction in the local coordinate system of the playercharacter G1 is defined so as to correspond to the path direction. Theplayer character G1 is automatically moved in the Z-axis direction inthe local coordinate system of the player character G1, and is not movedin the Z-axis direction in the local coordinate system according to aplayer performing the character movement operation. However, theposition of the player character G1 can be changed from the position ofthe path only within a predetermined range in the X-axis direction andthe Y-axis direction in the local coordinate system according to aplayer performing the character movement operation.

Specifically, when a player slides the analog operation component 14L inthe leftward direction shown in FIG. 1, the player character G1 is movedfrom the path leftward (in the X-axis negative direction). On the otherhand, when a player slides the analog operation component 14L in therightward direction shown in FIG. 1, the player character G1 is movedfrom the path rightward (in the X-axis positive direction). When aplayer slides the analog operation component 14L in the upward directionshown in FIG. 1, the player character G1 is moved from the path upward(in the Y-axis positive direction). When a player slides the analogoperation component 14L in the downward direction shown in FIG. 1, theplayer character G1 is moved from the path downward (in the Y-axisnegative direction).

The orientation and the position of the virtual camera Ca in the defaultstate in the aerial battle stage will be described. Firstly,correspondence points are defined over the entire route of the path. Thedefault position and default orientation of the virtual camera Ca aredefined for each correspondence point. In FIG. 21A, the default positionand default orientation of the virtual camera Ca are determinedaccording to the position and orientation defined in the correspondencepoint at which the player character G2 is positioned. It is to be notedthat it is essential that the default position of the virtual camera Cais defined on the same level plane as the plane on which the playercharacter G1 is positioned. Further, it is essential that the defaultorientation of the virtual camera Ca is determined so as to orient thevirtual camera Ca toward the representative point P2 of the playercharacter G1. Therefore, when the player character G1 is not moved, theplayer character G1 is always displayed at the center of the screen.

The position and orientation of the virtual camera Ca are not basicallychanged when the player character G1 is moved upward, downward,leftward, and rightward from the path according to an operationperformed by a player. Therefore, when the player character G1 is movedfrom the path, the player character G1 is displayed at a position towhich the player character G1 has moved from the center of the screen(see FIG. 22C).

In the aerial battle stage, the position and orientation of the virtualcamera Ca are not changed according to the sliding operation. Further,the position and the orientation of the virtual camera Ca are notchanged after slide-off.

Next, the aim G3 in the aerial battle stage will be described withreference to FIG. 22A. FIG. 22A is a diagram illustrating an exemplarydisplay screen for the aerial battle stage.

As in the ground battle stage, the default position of the aim G3 is setto a point of intersection of the screen surface G4 (or a plane that isdistant from the representative point P2 by a predetermined distance inthe direction toward which the virtual camera Ca is oriented, and thatis orthogonal to the direction toward which the virtual camera Ca isoriented) and a straight line extending from the representative point P2of the player character G1 in a direction toward which the virtualcamera Ca is oriented. When the player character G1 is moved, thedefault position of the aim G3 is changed based on the position of therepresentative point P2 of the player character G1 having moved, asshown in FIG. 22B. FIG. 22B is a diagram illustrating a state in whichthe default position of the aim position G3 on screen surface G4 ischanged according to the movement of the player character G1. In FIG.22B, the default position of the aim G3 obtained before the playercharacter G1 has been moved is indicated by oblique lines, and thedefault position of the aim G3 obtained after the player character G1has been moved is indicated by black rectangle.

As described above, the default position of the aim G3 is changedaccording to the movement of the player character G1. When the slidingoperation is not performed, the position of the aim G3 is set to thedefault position. The aim G3 is moved from the default positionaccording to the moving direction and the sliding amount of the slidingoperation during the sliding operation, as in the normal state (whenzooming is not performed) in the ground battle stage. Further, the aimG3 is moved due to inertial force after slide-off, as in the normalstate in the ground battle stage. In FIG. 22A, the position of the aimG3 is changed from the default position. FIG. 22C is a diagramillustrating the upper LCD 22 on which a state in which the playercharacter G1 is moved from a state shown in FIG. 22A is represented.

As described above, as a result of the position of the aim G3 which ischanged from the default position being calculated, the position of theaim G3 (the representative point P3) may be beyond the boundary positionof the screen surface G4 according to movement of the player characterG1 in some cases. At this time, as shown in FIG. 22C, the position ofthe aim G3 is amended so as to be the boundary position of the screensurface G4. The aim movement allowable range of the aim G3 in the aerialbattle stage is the entire surface area of the screen surface G4.Further, also in the aerial battle stage, as in the ground battle stage,the aim G3 is a plate polygon object which is oriented toward thevirtual camera.

Next, various programs and various data stored in the main memory 32 bythe game apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIG. 23.

FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating examples of programs and various datastored in the main memory 32. The various data are stored according tothe programs being executed by the game apparatus 1.

The main memory 32 includes a program storage area 32 a and a datastorage area 32 b. In the program storage area 32 a, for example, a mainprocess program 321 for executing a main process which will be describedbelow with reference to FIG. 24 is stored.

In the data storage area 32 b, touch panel operation information 322,stage information 323, player character information 324, non-playercharacter information 325, aim information 326, camera information 327,and double-tapping flag 328, and the like are stored. The touch paneloperation information 322 indicates whether touching is performed, andindicates a position (touch coordinate, that is, input coordinate) onwhich the touch panel 13 is touched by a player. An input signal fromthe touch panel 13 is detected at predetermined time intervals (forexample, at every rendering cycle of 1/60 seconds). The touch paneloperation information 322 represents a touch coordinate based on theinput signal. The touch panel operation information 322 obtained overmultiple number of times is stored in the data storage area 32 b.Further, the stage information 323 is information necessary forgenerating the virtual space for each stage, and includes, for example,information about background objects, information about a position ofeach path defined in the virtual space, and information about the startpoints and the goals.

The player character information 324 is information necessary forgenerating the player character G1 in the virtual space, and includes,for example, polygon data and texture data of the player character G1,and data representing possessed item. Further, the non-player characterinformation 325 is information necessary for generating the enemycharacters G2 in the virtual space, and includes, for example, datarepresenting types and initial positions of the enemy characters G2,polygon data and texture data thereof, and data representing actionpatterns thereof. As the non-player character information 325, data forthe number of the enemy characters G2 positioned in the virtual space isstored. Further, a predetermined flag is set as ON for a predeterminedtime period in the non-player character information 325 corresponding tothe enemy character 02 which has made a specific attack on the playercharacter.

The aim information 326 is information representing a position of theaim G3 on the screen surface G4 as, for example, a vector from thedefault position on the screen surface G4. Further, the aim information326 represents a position and an orientation of the aim G3 in thevirtual space. It is to be noted that not only the aim information 326which has been obtained in the most recent process loop, but also theaim information 326 which has been obtained in several previous processloops immediately preceding the most recent process loop are stored. Thecamera information 327 represents a position, an orientation, a positionof a gazing point, and an angle of view of the virtual camera Ca in thevirtual space. The double-tapping flag 328 is a flag indicating whethera player has performed double tapping operation. The double-tapping flag328 is set as ON from a time point when the double tapping operation hasbeen detected, up to a time point when the second tapping in the doubletapping operation becomes off.

Hereinafter, a main process performed by the game apparatus 1 will bedescribed with reference to FIG. 24. FIG. 24 is a flow chart showing anexemplary main process performed by the game apparatus 1. Firstly, thecore 31B performs an initialization process for the game (S1).Specifically, for example, the core 31B selects, from among a pluralityof characters, the player character G1 used in the game, and selectsequipment (possessed item) for the player character G1 according toselection of a player. The core 31B selects a stage from among aplurality of stages (S2). At first, a first stage is selected. The core31B reads, from the cartridge 29, data representing game characters suchas the player character G1 and the enemy characters G2, and datarepresenting the topography object for constructing the virtual spacefor the selected stage, to perform a process of constructing the virtualspace (S3). Specifically, the core 31B performs process of, for example,constructing a three-dimensional space for the stage by using the readdata, and process of positioning the player character G1, the enemycharacters G2, and other objects at initial positions in the virtualspace. Further, the core 31B sets the aim G3 and the virtual camera Caat the default positions in the virtual space, and sets the orientationof the virtual camera Ca to the default orientation.

Next, the core 31B obtains the operation information. Specifically,since the operation information transmitted from the operation component14 is stored in the main memory, the core 31B obtains the operationinformation to determine contents of the operation (S4). For example,the core 31B determines whether the touch panel 13 is touched, anddetermines a touch position on which the touch panel 13 is touched, andthe core 31B generates the touch panel operation information 322, andstores the touch panel operation information 322 in the data storagearea 32 b. Further, the core 31B determines an amount of operation atwhich and the direction in which the analog operation component 14L isoperated, and determines whether the L button 14I is pressed, forexample, and stores the determination results in the data storage area32 b.

Next, the core 31B determines whether the stage selected in step S2 isthe ground battle stage (S5). When the core 31B determines that theselected stage is the ground battle stage (YES in S5), the core 31Bperforms a ground battle stage character control process (S6). In theground battle stage character control process, the core 31B changes aposition, an orientation, and an action of the player character G1,based on the operation direction in which and the operation amount atwhich the analog operation component 14L is operated, and updates theassociated data in the main memory 32. The rendering process of S11described below is performed based on the position, the orientation, andthe action of the player character G1 which are updated in the mainmemory 32. As described above, in the ground battle stage, the core 31Bcontrols the player character G1 so as to horizontally move the playercharacter G1 in the virtual space, based on the operation on the analogoperation component 14. Further, in the ground battle stage charactercontrol process, the core 31B determines an orientation, a position, andan action of each enemy character G2 in the virtual space, by using apredetermined algorithm, and updates the associated data in the mainmemory 32. The rendering process of step S11 described below isperformed based on the position, the orientation, and the action of eachenemy character G2 which are updated in the main memory 32.

Subsequently, the core 31B performs a ground battle stage aim positionand camera control process (S7). In the ground battle stage aim positionand camera control process, change of the position of the aim, andcamera control (change of position and orientation of the camera) areperformed as described above during the sliding operation by a player orafter slide-off. In the ground battle stage aim position and cameracontrol process, zooming process and change of the position of the aimduring the zooming process as described above may be performed. Theground battle stage aim position and camera control process will bedescribed below in detail with reference to, for example, FIG. 25.Thereafter, the core 31B advances the process to subsequent step S10.

On the other hand, when the core 31B determines that the selected stageis not the ground battle stage, namely, when the core 31B determinesthat the selected stage is the aerial battle stage (NO in S5), the core31B performs an aerial battle stage character control process (S8). Inthe aerial battle stage character control process, a position, anorientation, and an action of the player character G1 is set based onthe path, and the operation direction in which and the operation amountat which the analog operation component 14L is operated, and updates theassociated data in the main memory 32. As described above, in the aerialbattle stage, unlike in the ground battle stage, the player character G1automatically moves along the path defined in the virtual space. Theplayer character G1 is allowed to move from the path by a predeterminedor shorter distance in the X-axis direction and in the Y-axis directionin the local coordinate system of the player character G1, based on theoperation direction in which and the operation amount at which theanalog operation component 14L is operated. Therefore, the core 31Bautomatically changes the position of the player character G1 so as tomove the player character G1 by a predetermined distance in the Z-axisdirection in the local coordinate system of the player character G1.Further, when the analog operation component 14L is operated, the playercharacter G1 is moved from the path by the predetermined or shorterdistance in the X-axis direction and in the Y-axis direction in thelocal coordinate system of the player character G1, based on theoperation direction in which and the operation amount at which theanalog operation component 14L is operated, and the position of theplayer character G1 is updated in the main memory 32. Data is stored inthe main memory 32 such that the player character G1 is always orientedtoward the path forward direction. The rendering process of step S11described below is performed, based on the position, the orientation,and the action of the player character G1, which are updated in the mainmemory 32. Further, in the aerial battle stage character controlprocess, an orientation, a position, and an action of each enemycharacter G2 in the virtual space are determined by using apredetermined algorithm, and the associated data is updated in the mainmemory 32. The rendering process of step S11 described below isperformed based on the position, the orientation, and the action of eachenemy character G2, which are updated in the main memory 32.

Next, the core 31B performs the aerial battle stage aim position andcamera control process (S9). In the aerial battle stage aim position andcamera control process, the position of the aim G3 is changed, asdescribed above, while a player is performing the sliding operation.Further, camera control (setting of the position and the orientation) isperformed according to the orientation and the position of the virtualcamera Ca defined in the path, and the position of the player characterG1 in the virtual space. The aerial battle stage aim position and cameracontrol process will be described below in detail with reference to, forexample, FIG. 33. Thereafter, the core 31B advances the process to thesubsequent step S10.

In step S10, the core 31B performs attack associated process (S10). Inthe attack associated process, a shooting process associated withshooting performed by the player character G1, and an enemy attackprocess associated with attacking from the enemy characters G2 upon theplayer character G1 are performed. In the shooing process, whether aninput for shooting operation is performed is determined, and when it isdetermined that the shooting operation is inputted, the rendering isperformed in the rendering process of step S11 described below so as toshoot a bullet. When the shooting operation is detected, the core 31Bcalculates a shooting direction. The shooting direction is a directionfrom the position of the representative point P2 of the player characterG1 toward the position of the representative point P3 of the aim G3.

Thereafter, the core 31B determines whether the enemy character G2 issuccessfully shot. Specifically, the core 31B determines whether thebullet object G5 shot from the representative point P2 of the playercharacter G1 in the shooting direction collides against the enemycharacter G2, and when the collision is detected, it is determined thatthe enemy characters G2 is successfully shot (a shot bullet hits theenemy character G2). As described above, even if the enemy character G2is not on a shooting straight line (a straight line of a predeterminedlength on which the bullet object G5 flies which is shot from therepresentative point P2 of the player character G1 in the shootingdirection), when the position of the enemy character G2 is distant fromthe shooting straight line by a predetermined or smaller angulardistance, and is distant from the player character G1 by a predeterminedor shorter distance, the shooting direction is amended so as to beoriented toward the enemy character G2. Therefore, it is determined thatthe enemy characters G2 is successfully shot.

In the enemy attack process, the core 31B determines whether the enemycharacter G2 is to perform an attacking action of attacking the playercharacter G1 (for example, shooting action), by using a predeterminedalgorithm. When it is determined that the enemy character G2 is toperform the attacking action, the core 31B performs the renderingprocess of step S11 described below so as to cause the enemy characterG2 to perform the attacking motion over several frames. The core 31Bdetermines whether the enemy character G2 successfully attacks theplayer character G1, by using a predetermined algorithm. When the enemycharacter G2 successfully attacks the player character G1, the physicalvalue of the player character G1 is reduced by a predetermined amount.

Thereafter, the core 31B performs a rendering process for displaying thevirtual space on the upper LCD 22 (S11). The core 31B performs a processfor displaying a predetermined image also on the lower LCD 12.

Thereafter, the core 31B determines whether the player character G1reaches the goal, and the stage selected in step S2 is successfullyresolved (stage is cleared) (S12). When the stage selected in step S2 iscleared (YES in S12), the core 31B returns the process to step S2, andselects another stage anew, to repeat process step of step S3 and thesubsequent process steps. On the other hand, when it is determined thatthe stage selected in step S2 is not cleared (NO in 512), the core 31Bdetermines whether the game is to be ended due to, for example, thephysical value of the player character indicating zero (S13). When it isdetermined that the game is not to be ended (NO in S13), the core 31Breturns the process to step S4. On the other hand, when it is determinedthat the game is to be ended (YES in S13), the core 31B ends the mainprocess.

Hereinafter, the ground battle stage aim position and camera controlprocess of step S7 will be described with reference to FIG. 25. FIG. 25is a flow chart showing an exemplary ground battle stage aim positionand camera control process. Firstly, the core 31 determines whethertouching is performed (whether an input is performed), with reference tothe touch panel operation information 322 having been most recentlyobtained (S21). When it is determined that the touching is performed(YES in S21), the core 31B determines whether the touching is beingcontinued (S22). The core 31B determines whether the touching is beingcontinued, according to whether the touching has been performed in theprocess loop of the immediately preceding frame. At this time, the touchpanel operation information 322 having been obtained in the immediatelypreceding process loop is used.

When it is determined that the touching is not being continued (NO inS22), the core 31B sets the restoration-to-default flag (which will bedescribed below in detail) to OFF (S23), and determines whether thetimer is on (S24). The timer is not on only in the first process loop,and in a period from touch-off of the second touching in the doubletapping operation, up to the immediately following touch-on. In othercases, the timer is on. When it is determined that the timer is not on(NO in S24), the core 31B resets a timer counted value, and sets thetimer so as to be on (S25), thereby advancing the process to step S36.On the other hand, when it is determined that the timer is on (YES inS24), the core 31B determines whether the timer counted period isshorter than or equal to a predetermined time period (S26). When it isdetermined that the timer counted period is shorter than or equal to thepredetermined time period (YES in S26), the core 31B resets the timercounted value, and sets the timer so as to be off, and sets thedouble-tapping flag 328 to ON (S27). Thereafter, the core 31B ends theground battle stage aim position and camera control process, and returnsthe process to step S10 shown in FIG. 24.

On the other hand, when the timer counted period is longer than thepredetermined time period (NO in S26), the core 31B resets the timercounted value. Thus, when the timer counter period is longer than thepredetermined time period, the timer is reset to an initial value, andthe counting is started again from the initial value. Thereafter, thecore 31B advances the process to step S36. Specifically, the timermeasures a time period from the immediately preceding touch-on to themost recent touch-on. This is used for determining whether the doubletapping is performed.

Next, a process performed when it is determined in step S22 that thetouching is being continued (YES in S22) will be described. At thistime, the core 31B determines whether the double-tapping flag 328 is setas ON (S28). When it is determined that the double-tapping flag 328 isnot set as ON, namely, when it is determined that the double tappingoperation is not performed (NO in 528), the core 31B performs a processstep of step S36 described below. On the other hand, when it isdetermined that the double-tapping flag 328 is set as ON (YES in S28),the core 31B performs a zooming process (S29) for displaying the virtualspace which is zoomed in on, and a zoomed state aim position settingprocess for setting a position of the aim G3 to a position desired by aplayer on the screen surface G4 (S30). The zooming process and thezoomed state aim position setting process will be described below indetail with reference to FIG. 31 and FIG. 32. Thereafter, the core 31Bcalculates a position of the aim G3 in the world coordinate system,based on the position of the aim G3 set on the screen surface G4, andupdates the associated data in the main memory 32 (S31). The aim G3 isrendered in step S11 shown in FIG. 24, based on the set position of theaim G3. The core 31B then ends the ground battle stage aim position andcamera control process, and returns the process to step S10 shown inFIG. 24,

Next, a process performed when it is determined in step S21 that thetouching is not performed (non-input state) will be described. When itis determined that the touching is not performed (NO in S21), the core31B determines whether the double-tapping flag 328 is set as ON (S32).When it is determined that the double-tapping flag 328 is set as ON (YESin S32), the core 31B restores the setting of the angle θ1 of view ofthe virtual camera Ca to a normal setting (S33). Thus, when thetouch-off is detected, a particular setting for the double tappingoperation is cancelled.

The core 31B sets the double-tapping flag 328 to OFF (S34).Subsequently, the core 31B horizontally moves the virtual camera Capositioned at a position (in a subjective point of view) of therepresentative point P2 of the player character G1, in a directionopposite to the imaging direction of the virtual camera Ca, to aposition which is distant from the representative point P2 by apredetermined distance (S35). Thereafter, a normal state aim positionand camera control process is performed (S36). The normal state aimposition and camera control process will be described below in detailwith reference to FIG. 31 and FIG. 32. The rendering process of step S11shown in FIG. 24 is performed based on the orientation and the positionof the virtual camera Ca having been set in the normal state aimposition and camera control process. Thereafter, the core 31B calculatesa position of the aim G3 in the world coordinate system in step S31, andupdate the associated data in the main memory 32 (S31). The core 31Bends the ground battle stage aim position and camera control process,and returns the process to step S10 shown in FIG. 24.

Next, the normal state aim position and camera control process of stepS36 shown in FIG. 25 will be described with reference to FIG. 26 to FIG.30. FIG. 26 is a flow chart showing an exemplary normal state aimposition and camera control process. Firstly, the core 31B performs aprocess (parameter setting process) for setting various parametersnecessary for calculating the position of the aim G3, and theorientation and the position of the virtual camera Ca (S41). Theparameter setting process will be described below in detail withreference to FIG. 27. Next, the core 31B calculates the position of theaim G3 on the screen surface G4, and performs a process (aim positionsetting process) for determining the position and the orientation of theaim G3 in the virtual space, based on the calculated position of the aimG3 (S42). The aim position setting process will be described below indetail with reference to FIG. 28.

After that, the core 31B performs a process (camera orientation settingprocess) for calculating and setting an orientation of the virtualcamera Ca in the virtual space (S43). The camera orientation settingprocess will be described below in detail with reference to FIG. 29. Thecore 31B performs a process (camera position setting process) forcalculating and setting the position of the virtual camera Ca in thevirtual space, based on the orientation of the virtual camera Ca havingbeen calculated in step S43 (S44). The camera position setting processwill be described below in detail with reference to FIG. 30. After that,the core 31B ends the normal state aim position and camera controlprocess, and advances the process to step S31 shown in FIG. 25.

The parameter setting process of step S41 will be described withreference to FIG. 27. FIG. 27 is a flow chart showing an exemplaryparameter setting process. Firstly, the core 31B determines whether anangle between a straight line extending from the position of the virtualcamera Ca in the imaging direction of the virtual camera Ca, and astraight line extending from the position of the virtual camera Ca to aspecific one of the enemy characters G2, is less than or equal to apredetermined angle (S51).

The specific one of the enemy characters G2 is determined according to,for example, the flag set in the non-player-character information 315shown in FIG. 23. Further, although, in the present embodiment, thedetermination of step S51 is performed only for a specific one of theenemy characters G2, the determination of step S51 may be performed forall the enemy characters G2. Moreover, the determination of step S51 maybe performed for the non-player character other than the enemycharacters G2. Instead thereof, in step S51, it may be determinedwhether a specific one of the enemy characters G2 is positioned on thescreen surface G4 so as to be distant, by a predetermined or shorterdistance, from the position of the aim G3 having been obtained in theimmediately preceding process loop.

When the determination of step S51 indicates No, the core 31B resets acoefficient A (which will be described below in detail), namely, setsthe coefficient A to one (S52), and the core 31 b advances the processto step S55. On the other hand, when the determination of step S51indicates Yes, the core 31B determines whether the number of the enemycharacters G2 which are distant from the representative point P2 of theplayer character G1 by a predetermined or shorter distance is greaterthan or equal to a predetermined number (S53). The core 31B maydetermine whether the number of the enemy characters G2 which aredistant from the position of the virtual camera Ca, instead of therepresentative point P2 of the player character G1, by a predeterminedor shorter distance is greater than or equal to a predetermined number.When the core 31B determines that the number of the enemy characters G2which are distant from the representative point P2 of the playercharacter G1 by the predetermined or shorter distance is greater than orequal to the predetermined number (YES in S53), the core 31B resets thecoefficient A (S52), and advances the process to step S55. On the otherhand, when the core 31B determines that the number of the enemycharacters G2 which are distant from the representative point P2 of theplayer character G1 by the predetermined or shorter distance is lessthan the predetermined number (NO in S53), the core 31B sets (S54) thecoefficient A to, for example, a positive value smaller than one, andadvances the process to step S55.

Next, the process step of step S55 will be described. In step S55, thecore 31B determines whether the virtual camera Ca is positioned so as tobe distant from the path by a predetermined or shorter distance, and avalue representing a difference between the orientation of the virtualcamera Ca and the orientation of the path is less than or equal to apredetermined value (S55). When it is determined that the valuerepresenting the difference between the orientation of the virtualcamera Ca and the orientation of the path is less than or equal to thepredetermined value (YES in S55), the core 31B sets a coefficient B to,for example, a positive value smaller than one (S56), and advances theprocess to the subsequent step S58. On the other hand, when it isdetermined that the value representing the difference between theorientation of the virtual camera Ca and the orientation of the path isgreater than the predetermined value (NO in S55), the core 31B resetscoefficient B (specifically, sets the coefficient B to one) (S57), andadvances the process to subsequent step S58.

In step S58, the core 31B determines whether the touch-on is performed.The touch-on represents a state in which the touch is detected in theprocess loop of the most recent frame, and non-touch (no touch) isdetected in the process loop of the frame immediately preceding the mostrecent frame (that is, the moment the touch is performed), as describedabove. When it is determined that the touch-on is performed (YES inS58), the core 31B sets a control vector to zero (S59), and the core 31Bends the aim position setting process, and advances the process to thecamera orientation setting process of step S43 shown in FIG. 26.

On the other hand, when it is determined that the touch-on is notperformed (NO in S58), the core 31B calculates the control vector (S60).The control vector is a value used for calculating the position of theaim G3, and the position and the orientation of the virtual camera Ca.Hereinafter, a method for calculating the control vector will bedescribed in detail. The method for calculating the control vector isdifferent among “touch-on time (the moment touch-on is performed”, “whentouching is being continued”, “touch-off time (the moment touch-off isperformed”, and “when non-touching is being continued”. Next, the methodfor calculating the control vector “when touching is being continued”will be described. “When touching is being continued”, touching on thetouch panel 13 is being continuously detected. At this time, the controlvector is calculated by using the following equation (A).

Control vector=the most recent touch position−the immediately precedingtouch position   equation (A)

As described above, the change of the touch position can be separatedinto the X-coordinate change and the Y-coordinate change. Therefore,both the X-coordinate control vector and the Y-coordinate control vectorare calculated by using the equation (A). Hereinafter, the X-coordinatecontrol vector and the Y-coordinate control vector may be referred to as“X-control vector” and “Y-control vector”, respectively. When the touchposition is changing due to sliding on the touch panel (during thesliding operation), the control vector does not indicate zero. However,when the touching is being continuously performed on one fixed point onthe touch panel 13, the most recent touch position is equal to theimmediately preceding touch position, and the control vector indicateszero. The most recent touch position and the immediately preceding touchposition are obtained based on the touch panel operation information322.

Next, a method for calculating the control vector during “touch-offtime” will be described. The “touch-off time” is a time in whichnon-touch is detected in the process loop of the most recent frame, andtouch has been detected in the process loop of the frame immediatelypreceding the most recent frame. At this time, the control vector iscalculated by using the following equation (B). Both the X-controlvector and the Y-control vector are calculated as in the same manner asin the method for calculating the control vector “when touching is beingcontinued”.

Control vector=(touch position (n)−touch position (n+1))+(touch position(n−1)−touch position (n)) . . . (touch position (1)−touch position(2))/n   equation (B)

In equation (B), n represents a natural number greater than or equal totwo. The touch position (n) is a touch position detected in a framepreceding, by n frames, the frame in which the touch-off is detected.The touch position (n+1) is a touch position detected in a framepreceding, by (n+1) frames, the frame in which the touch-off isdetected. The touch position (n−1) is a touch position detected in aframe preceding, by (n−1) frames, the frame in which the touch-off isdetected. Further, the touch position (1) is a touch position detectedin a frame immediately preceding the frame in which the touch-off isdetected, and the touch position (2) is a touch position detected in aframe preceding, by two frames, the frame in which the touch-off isdetected. In equation (B), a difference between each of the touchpositions in the previous n frames and the corresponding immediatelypreceding touch position is calculated, and an average of thedifferences is calculated. Namely, an average of each sliding amount(change amount of touch position per one frame) in the previous n framesis calculated according to equation (B). In the present embodiment, n isa fixed value.

In equation (B), when the sliding operation is performed at least oncein the previous n frames, the control vector calculated in equation (B)does not indicate zero. However, when the touch position is not changedin any of the previous n times operations (when the touch panel 13 istouched at one fixed point so as to stop the touching operation), thecontrol vector calculated in equation (B) indicates zero.

Subsequently, a method for calculating the control vector “whennon-touching is being continued” will be described. Herein, “whennon-touching is being continued” is a time period in which no touchingis performed on the touch panel 13. “When non-touching is beingcontinued” does not include the “touch-off time”. At this time, thecontrol vector is calculated by using the following equation (C). Boththe X-control vector and the Y-control vector are calculated in the samemanner as in the method for calculating the control vector for “whentouching is being continued”, and for the “touch-off time”.

Control vector=(immediately preceding control vector+(immediatelypreceding control vector×attenuation rate))÷2×coefficient A×coefficientB   equation (C)

As described above, when the sliding operation is not performed at allin the previous n frames immediately preceding the frame in whichtouch-off is performed, the control vector calculated in equation (B)indicates zero. At this time, the control vector in the immediatelypreceding frame is calculated as zero according to equation (C), so thatthe control vector is calculated as zero in equation (C).

The core 31B updates the control vector calculated as described above inthe main memory 32 (S61). The control vector is used for calculating aposition of the aim in the aim position setting process of step 42 ofFIG. 26, and is used for calculating an orientation of the virtualcamera Ca in the camera orientation setting process of step S43.Thereafter, the core 31B ends the parameter setting process, andadvances the process to the aim position setting process of step S42 ofFIG. 26.

Next, the aim position setting process of step S42 will be describedwith reference to FIG. 28. FIG. 28 is a flow chart showing an exemplaryaim position setting process. Firstly, the core 31B determines whetherboth of touching operation on the touch panel 13 and shooting operationare stopped for a predetermined time period (S71). When it is determinedin step S71 that both of touching operation on the touch panel 13 andshooting operation are stopped fort the predetermined time period, thecore 31B sets the position of the aim G3 on the screen surface G4 to thedefault position (S72), and sets the elimination flag to ON (S73). Whenthe elimination flag is set to ON, the aim G3 is not rendered (S11) inthe rendering process (step S11). Thus, if a player stops both oftouching operation and shooting operation for the predetermined timeperiod, the aim G3 is restored to the default position. Thereafter, thecore 31B ends the aim position setting process, and advances the processto the camera orientation setting process of step S43 shown in FIG. 26.

On the other hand, a process performed when it is determined in step S71that at least one of touching operation and shooting operation isperformed within the predetermined time period, will be described. Atthis time, the core 31B sets the elimination flag to OFF (S74), andcalculates the position of the aim G3 on the screen surface G4 (S75).Hereinafter, a method for calculating the position of the aim will bedescribed. The position (aim position) of the aim G3 on the screensurface G4 is calculated by using the following equation (D).

The most recent aim position=immediately preceding aim position+controlvector   equation (D)

The aim position is calculated separately as an X-coordinate positionand a Y-coordinate position. The aim position is calculated ascoordinates by using the default position as a reference (X=0, Y=0).

As described above, the control vector does not indicate zero duringinertial force control after the slide-off and during sliding operation.Therefore, the most recent aim position is different from theimmediately preceding aim position. On the other hand, when no touchingis performed (excluding the inertial force control after slide-off), orwhen the touch-on is performed, or when the same position is beingcontinuously touched, the control vector indicates zero. Therefore, themost recent aim position is not changed from the immediately precedingaim position. When the touch-on is performed, the control vectorindicates zero. By utilizing this, in a case where, while the positionof the aim G3 is being changed due to inertial force after slide-off, aplayer touches on a desired point on the touch panel 13, change of theposition of the aim G3 moving due to the inertial force can be stopped.

Next, the core 31B determines whether the position of the aim G3calculated in step S75 is beyond the X-coordinate boundary position(outside the aim movement allowable range) (S76). When the position ofthe aim G3 is determined to be beyond the X-coordinate boundary position(YES in S76), the core 31B sets (S77) the X-coordinate position of theaim G3 on the screen surface G4 to the X-coordinate boundary position (acoordinate position of the boundary beyond which the calculatedcoordinate position is changed). Thereafter, the core 31B advances theprocess to step S79. On the other hand, the position of the aim G3 isnot determined to be beyond the X-coordinate boundary position (NO inS76), the core 31B sets the X-coordinate position of the aim G3 on thescreen surface G4, to the position calculated in step S75 (S78).Thereafter, the core 31B advances the process to step S79.

Next, the process step of step S79 will be described. The core 31Bdetermines whether the position of the aim G3 calculated in step S75 isbeyond the Y-coordinate boundary position (outside the aim movementallowable range) (S79). When the position of the aim G3 is determined tobe beyond the Y-coordinate boundary position (YES in S79), the core 31Bsets (S80) the Y-coordinate position of the aim G3 on the screen surfaceG4 to the Y-coordinate boundary position (a coordinate position of theboundary beyond which the calculated coordinate position is changed).Thereafter, the core 31B ends the aim position setting process, andadvances the process to the camera orientation setting process of stepS43 shown in FIG. 26. On the other hand, the position of the aim G3 isnot determined to be beyond the Y-coordinate boundary position (NO inS79), the core 31B sets the Y-coordinate position of the aim G3 on thescreen surface G4, to the position calculated in step S75 (S81).Thereafter, the core 31B ends the aim position setting process, andadvances the process to the camera orientation setting process of stepS43 shown in FIG. 26.

The camera orientation setting process of step S43 will be describedwith reference to FIG. 29. FIG. 29 is a flow chart showing an exemplarycamera orientation setting process. Firstly, the core 31B determineswhether a player performs restoration-to-default operation (S91). Therestoration-to-default operation herein is, for example, an operation ofpressing the R button 14J. When the restoration-to-default operation isdetermined to be performed (YES in S91), the core 31B sets theorientation of the virtual camera Ca to the default orientation (S92).Thereafter, the core 31B ends the camera orientation setting process,and advances the process to the camera position setting process of stepS44 shown in FIG. 26. In step S92, specifically, the orientation of thevirtual camera Ca is set in the default state such that the virtualcamera Ca is horizontally oriented toward the player character G1 (therepresentative point P2). Further, when the orientation of the virtualcamera Ca is set in this manner, the position of the virtual camera isset, in the camera position setting process of step S44 described below,to a position which is on the same level plane as the position of therepresentative point P2 of the player character G1, and is distant fromthe representative point P2 by a predetermined distance, such that theorientation of the player character G1 in the horizontal direction isthe same as the orientation of the virtual camera Ca in the horizontaldirection.

On the other hand, when it is determined that the restoration-to-defaultoperation is not performed (NO in S91), the core 31B determines whetherthe restoration-to-default flag is set as ON (S93). When therestoration-to-default flag is set as ON (YES in S93), the core 31Brestores the virtual camera Ca to the default position by apredetermined angle in the vertical direction (S94). Thus, when therestoration-to-default flag is set as ON, an angle of the virtual cameraCa in the vertical direction, relative to the vertical direction, isgradually restored to an angle corresponding to the default orientation(restoration-to-default state). It is to be noted that, as shown in FIG.25, when the touch-on is performed, the restoration-to-default flag isset to OFF (S23), and therefore the restoration-to-default state iscancelled by a player performing the touch-on.

The core 31B determines whether the orientation of the virtual camera Cahas been restored to the default orientation (S95). When the orientationof the virtual camera Ca has been restored to the default orientation(YES in S95), the core 31B sets the restoration-to-default flag to OFF(S96). Thereafter, the core 31B advances the process to step S102. Onthe other hand, when the orientation of the virtual camera Ca has notbeen restored to the default orientation (NO in S95), the core 31Badvances the process to step S102 without setting therestoration-to-default flag to OFF.

Next, a process performed by the core 31B when the determination of stepS93 indicates NO, will be described. When the restoration-to-defaultflag is set as OFF (NO in S93), the core 31B calculates an orientationof the virtual camera Ca in the vertical direction (S97). Hereinafter,the method for calculating the orientation of the virtual camera Ca willbe described. In step S97, only the orientation of the virtual camera Cain the vertical direction is calculated. A method for calculating theorientation of the virtual camera Ca in the horizontal direction in stepS102 described below will be described here. Firstly, a camera headrotation vector is calculated by using equation (E).

Camera head rotation vector=control vector−(the most recent aimposition−the immediately preceding aim position)   equation (E)

In equation (E), the difference between the most recent aim position andthe immediately preceding aim position is subtracted from the controlvector for the following reason. Namely, among components of the controlvector, as shown in FIG. 9, the sliding amount a1 of the slidingoperation performed until the aim G3 reaches the boundary, is used formoving the aim G3, and the sliding amount a2 obtained after the aim G3reaches the boundary is used for changing the orientation of the virtualcamera. Further, also after slide-off, a component of the control vectorfor moving the aim G3 so as to reach the boundary, is used for movingthe aim G3. Therefore, the component used for moving the aim G3 iseliminated from the control vector according to equation (E), tocalculate the camera head rotation control vector used for changing theorientation of the virtual camera Ca. As described above, the controlvector contains the Y-control vector and the X-control vector.Therefore, the camera head rotation vector is calculated separately asthe X-component and the Y-component. The X-component camera headrotation vector and the Y-component camera head rotation vector may beseparately referred to as an “X-camera head rotation vector”, and a“Y-camera head rotation vector”, respectively.

As described above, the control vector does not indicate zero duringinertial force control after slide-off and during the sliding operation.Therefore, at this time, the camera head rotation vector does notindicate zero. On the other hand, when touching is not performed(excluding inertial force control after slide-off), when the touch-on isperformed, or when the same position is being continuously touched, thecontrol vector indicates zero. Therefore, the camera head rotationvector also indicates zero. When the touch-on is performed, the camerahead rotation vector indicates zero. By utilizing this, while theposition and the orientation of the virtual camera Ca are being changeddue to inertial force after slide-off, if a player touches on the touchpanel 13 at a point desired by the player so as to fix the touchposition, the change of the position and the orientation of the virtualcamera Ca can be stopped.

Next, a camera angular velocity is calculated by using equation (F).

Camera angular velocity=camera head rotation vector×coefficient D  equation (F)

The camera angular velocity (vertical direction camera angular velocity)in the vertical direction is calculated by using the Y-camera headrotation vector, and the camera angular velocity (horizontal directioncamera angular velocity) in the horizontal direction is calculated byusing the X-camera head rotation vector.

The orientation of the virtual camera Ca in the vertical direction iscalculated such that the virtual camera Ca is rotated by the horizontaldirection camera angular velocity in the vertical direction. Further,the orientation of the virtual camera Ca in the horizontal direction iscalculated such that the virtual camera Ca is rotated by the horizontaldirection camera angular velocity in the horizontal direction. Thecenter about which the virtual camera Ca is rotated is therepresentative point P2 of the player character.

As described above, the camera head rotation vector does not indicatezero during the inertial force control after slide-off and during thesliding operation. Therefore, the camera angular velocity does notindicate zero, and the orientation of the virtual camera Ca is changed.On the other hand, when touching is not performed (excluding theinertial force control after slide-off), when the touch-on is performed,or when the same position is being continuously touched, the camera headrotation vector indicates zero. Therefore, the camera angular velocityalso indicates zero, and the orientation of the virtual camera Ca is notchanged.

After the orientation of the virtual camera Ca in the vertical directionis calculated, in step S97, by using the method for calculating theorientation of the virtual camera Ca as described above, the core 31Bdetermines whether the touch panel 13 is in the touched state (S98).When the core 31B determines that the touch panel 13 is in thenon-touched state (NO in S98), the core 31B determines whetherdifference between the default orientation and the calculatedorientation of the virtual camera Ca in the vertical direction is lessthan or equal to a predetermined angle (S99). The predetermined angle isan angle of the change allowable range of the orientation of the virtualcamera Ca, which is used after slide-off, and is, for example, angle α1°as shown in FIG. 12. Hereinafter, the predetermined angle is referred toas an inertial force limit angle.

When it is determined that the difference between the defaultorientation and the calculated orientation of the virtual camera Ca inthe vertical direction is greater than the inertial force limit angle(NO in S99), the core 31B amends the orientation of the virtual cameraCa calculated in step 597 such that the difference between the defaultorientation and the orientation of the virtual camera Ca is less than orequal to the inertial force limit angle, and the orientation of thevirtual camera Ca is set to the orientation having been obtained by theamendment (S100). After that, the core 31B sets therestoration-to-default flag to ON (S101). Thus, when the differencebetween the default orientation and the orientation of the virtualcamera Ca in the vertical direction is less than or equal to theinertial force limit angle, the orientation of the virtual camera Ca inthe vertical direction is gradually restored to the default orientationby execution of steps S94 to S96. Thereafter, the core 31B calculatesthe orientation of the virtual camera Ca in the horizontal direction, byusing the method for calculating the orientation of the virtual cameraCa as described above, and sets, to the calculated orientation, theorientation of the virtual camera Ca in the horizontal direction (S102).Thereafter, the core 31B ends the camera orientation setting process,and advances the process to the camera position setting process of stepS44 shown in FIG. 26.

On the other hand, when the core 31B determines that the differencebetween the default orientation and the calculated orientation of thevirtual camera Ca in the vertical direction is less than or equal to theinertial force limit angle (YES in S99), the core 31B sets theorientation of the virtual camera Ca in the vertical direction, to theorientation calculated in step S97 (S103). The core 31B calculates andupdates the orientation of the virtual camera Ca in the horizontaldirection in step S102. Thereafter, the core 31B ends the cameraorientation setting process, and advances the process to the cameraposition setting process of step S44 shown in FIG. 26.

Next, a process performed when the determination of step S98 indicatesYES will be described. When the core 31B determines that the touch panel13 is in the touched state (YES in S98), the core 31B determines whetherdifference between the default orientation and the calculatedorientation of the virtual camera Ca in the vertical direction is lessthan or equal to a predetermined angle (S104). The predetermined angelis different from the angle used in step S99, and is an angle indicatingthe change allowable range of the orientation of the virtual camera Ca,which is used in the sliding operation. The predetermined angle is, forexample, angle α1° and α2° shown in FIG. 11. Hereinafter, thepredetermined angle is referred to as a sliding operation limit angle.

When the core 31B determines that the difference between the defaultorientation and the calculated orientation of the virtual camera Ca inthe vertical direction is greater than the sliding operation limit angle(NO in S104), the core 31B amends the orientation of the virtual cameraCa calculated in step S97 such that the difference between the defaultorientation and the orientation of the virtual camera Ca is less than orequal to the sliding operation limit angle, and sets the orientation ofthe virtual camera Ca to the orientation having been obtained by theamendment (S105). The core 31B calculates and updates the orientation ofthe virtual camera Ca in the horizontal direction in step S102.Thereafter, the core 31B ends the camera orientation setting process,and advances the process to the camera position setting process of stepS44 shown in FIG. 26.

On the other hand, when the core 31B determines that the differencebetween the default orientation and the calculated orientation of thevirtual camera Ca in the vertical direction is less than or equal to thesliding operation limit angle (YES in S104), the core 31B sets theorientation of the virtual camera Ca in the vertical direction, to theorientation calculated in step S97 (S103). The core 31B calculates andupdates the orientation of the virtual camera Ca in the horizontaldirection in step S102. Thereafter, the core 31 b ends the cameraorientation setting process, and advances the process to the cameraposition setting process of step S44 shown in FIG. 26.

Next, the camera position setting process of step S44 will be describedwith reference to FIG. 30. FIG. 30 is a flow chart showing an exemplarycamera position setting process. In the camera position setting process,the core 31B calculates a position of the virtual camera Ca in thevirtual space, based on the orientation of the virtual camera Ca set inthe camera orientation setting process, and updates the associated datain the main memory 32 (S111). The position of the virtual camera Ca iscalculated and updated such that, as shown in FIG. 10 to FIG. 12, thevirtual camera Ca is distant from the representative point P2 of theplayer character G1 by a predetermined distance, and is oriented towardthe representative point P2.

The core 31B determines whether the shooting operation is performed(S112). When the core 31B determines that the shooting operation isperformed (YES in S112), the core 31B amends the position of the virtualcamera Ca calculated in step S111, so as to slide (shift) a coordinateposition of the virtual camera Ca by a predetermined distance in theX-axis direction (S113). After that, the core 31B sets the shift flag toON (S114). In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the positionof the aim G3 in the default state is displayed so as to be superimposedon the player character G1. Therefore, if the position of the virtualcamera Ca is not shifted, display of the player character G1 prevents aplayer from viewing a state of shooting in the virtual space. When theposition of the virtual camera Ca is changed so as to slide the virtualcamera Ca during the shooting operation by the process step of step S113being performed, display of the player character G1 does not prevent aplayer from viewing the state of the shooting, thereby allowing theplayer to view the state of shooting. Thereafter, the core 31B ends thecamera position setting process and the normal state aim position andcamera control process, and advances the process to step S31 shown inFIG. 25.

On the other hand, when the core 31B determines that the shootingoperation is not performed (NO in S112), the core 31B determines whetherthe shift flag is set as ON (S115). When the core 31B determines thatthe shift flag is set as ON (YES in S115), the core 31B amends theposition of the virtual camera Ca calculated in step S111 so as to berestored by a distance by which the virtual camera Ca is slid in stepS113 (S116). After that, the core 31B sets the shift flag to OFF (S117).The core 31B ends the camera position setting process and the normalstate aim position and camera control process, and advances the processto step S31 shown in FIG. 25. On the other hand, when the core 31Bdetermines that the shift flag is not set as ON (NO in S115), the core31B ends the camera position setting process and the normal state aimposition and camera control process without performing the process stepsof step S116 and S117, and advances the process to step S31 shown inFIG. 25.

As described above, process step of step S36 of the ground battle stageaim position and camera control process shown in FIG. 25 has beendescribed. Subsequently, the zooming process of step S29 and the zoomedstate aim position setting process of step S30 will be described withreference to FIG. 31 and FIG. 32.

FIG. 31 is a flow chart showing an exemplary zooming-in-on process.Firstly, the core 31B determines whether the angle θ1 of view of thevirtual camera Ca has been changed to an angle for zoomed state (S121).The angle for zoomed state is less than an angle for the normal state,as described above with reference to FIG. 17 and FIG. 18.

When it is determined that the angle θ1 of view has not been changed tothe angle of view for the zoomed state (NO in S121), the core 31Bchanges the angle θ1 of view of the virtual camera Ca to the angle ofview for the zoomed state (S122). In step S121, the angle θ1 of view maybe determined as different angles according to whether a playercharacter has a specific item (for example, weapon item). Further,specific items are classified into a plurality of types, and the angleθ1 of view may be determined as different angles according to the typeof the specific item possessed by the player character. For example, atable in which the specific items and angles corresponding to thespecific items, respectively, are registered, is stored in the mainmemory 32, and the core 31B retrieves the angle of view in the tableaccording to the possessed item represented by the player characterinformation 324. When the result of the retrieval indicates that thepossessed item is registered, the angle θ1 of view is changed to theangle corresponding to the item. Subsequently, the core 31B changes theposition of the virtual camera Ca to the position of the representativepoint P2 of the player character GI while maintaining the imagingdirection of the virtual camera Ca, in step S123 (changes the positionof the virtual camera Ca to the subjective point of view position).Thereafter, the core 31B ends the zooming process, and advances theprocess to the zoomed state aim setting process of step S30 shown inFIG. 25.

On the other hand, it is determined that the angle θ1 of view has beenchanged to the angle of view for the zoomed state (YES in S121), thecore 31B ends the zooming process without changing the angle θ1 of viewof the virtual camera Ca to the angle for zoomed state, and advances theprocess to the zoomed state aim setting process of step S30 shown inFIG. 25.

Next, the zoomed state aim setting process of step S30 shown in FIG. 25will be described with reference to FIG. 32. FIG. 32 is a flow chartshowing an exemplary zoomed-in-on state aim setting process. Firstly,the core 31B calculates (S131) a control vector by using equation (F).

Control vector=(the most recent touch position−the immediately precedingtouch position)×coefficient C   equation (F)

The coefficient C is a positive value smaller than one. Unlike inequation (A), the difference between the most recent touch position andthe immediately preceding touch position is multiplied by thecoefficient C (a positive value satisfying C<1). Therefore, on thecondition that the distance of the sliding operation is the same betweenin the zoomed state and in the normal state, the control vectorcalculated in the zoomed state is smaller than the control vectorcalculated in the normal state.

The core 31B calculates (S132) the position of the aim G3 on the screensurface G4 by using equation (D). As described above, on the conditionthat the distance of the sliding operation is the same between in thezoomed state and in the normal state, the control vector calculated inthe zoomed state is smaller than the control vector calculated in thenormal state. Therefore, when the distance of the sliding operation isthe same, change of the position of the aim G3 is smaller in the zoomedstate than in the normal state. Thereafter, the core 31B determines(S133) whether the X-coordinate position calculated in step S132 isoutside the range of the screen surface G4 (outside the aim movementallowable range). When the X-coordinate position calculated in step S132is outside the range of the screen surface G4 (YES in S133), the core31B sets (S134) X-coordinate position of the aim G3 to a coordinateposition of the boundary of the screen surface G4 (a coordinate positionof the boundary beyond which the calculated coordinate position ischanged). Thereafter, the core 31B advances the process to step S136.

On the other hand, when the X-coordinate position calculated in stepS132 is within the range of the screen surface G4 (NO in S133), the core31B sets the X-coordinate position of the aim G3 to a coordinateposition calculated in step S132 (S135). After that, the core 31Badvances the process to step S136. In step S136, the core 31B determines(S136) whether the Y-coordinate position calculated in step S132 isoutside the range of the screen surface G4 (outside the aim movementallowable range). When the Y-coordinate position calculated in step S132is outside the range of the screen surface G4 (YES in S136), the core31B sets (S137) the Y-coordinate position of the aim G3 to a coordinateposition of the boundary of the screen surface G4 (a coordinate positionof the boundary beyond which the calculated coordinate position ischanged). Thereafter, the core 31B ends the zoomed state aim settingprocess, and advances the process to step S31 shown in FIG. 25.

Further, when the Y-coordinate position calculated in step S132 iswithin the range of the screen surface G4 (NO in S136), the core 31Bsets the Y-coordinate position of the aim G3 to the coordinate positioncalculated in step S132 (S138). After that, the core 31B ends the zoomedstate aim setting process, and advances the process to step S31 shown inFIG. 25.

As described above, the process of controlling the position of the aimG3, and the orientation and the position of the virtual camera Ca in theground battle stage has been described. Hereinafter, the process ofcontrolling the position of the aim G3, and the orientation and theposition of the virtual camera Ca in the aerial battle stage will bedescribed with reference to FIG. 28 and FIG. 33.

FIG. 33 is a flow chart showing an exemplary aerial battle stagecharacter control process performed in step S9 of the main process shownin FIG. 24. In this process, the core 31B determines whether thetouch-on is performed (S140). When it is determined that the touch-on isnot performed (NO in S140), the core 31B calculates a control vector byusing equation (A), equation (B), and equation (C) described above, asin the ground battle stage (S141). The method for calculating thecontrol vector is the same as the method used in step S58 as shown inFIG. 27. Thus, also in the aerial battle stage, the position of the aimG3 is changed after slide-off as well as during the sliding operation asin the normal state of the ground battle stage.

Next, the core 31B performs the aim position setting process (S142). Theaim position setting process of step S142 will be described withreference to FIG. 28. The aim position setting process of step S142 is aprocess for setting the position of the aim G3 on the screen surface G4,and is the same as the aim position setting process in the normal stateof the ground battle stage as shown in FIG. 28. However, in the aimposition setting process of step S142, the X-coordinate boundaryposition and the Y-coordinate boundary position which are used in thedeterminations of step S76 and step S79 are different from those for theaim position setting process in the normal state of the ground battlestage. Specifically, in the aim position setting process of step S142,the X-coordinate boundary position and the Y-coordinate boundaryposition which are used for the determinations of step S76 and step S79are set at the edge of the screen surface G4. Thus, the aim movementallowable range is the entire of the screen surface G4.

The core 31B obtains the position of the player character G1, anddetermines a correspondence point which is closest to the position ofthe player character G1, among the correspondence points set in thepath. The core 31B obtains the default position and the defaultorientation of the virtual camera Ca which are associated with thedetermined correspondence point. Thereafter, the core 31B calculates theposition of the virtual camera Ca in the virtual space, based on theobtained default position of the virtual camera Ca, and the correctedvalue stored in the main memory 32 in step S145 described below, andupdates the associated data in the main memory 32 (S143). The core 31Bsets and updates, in the main memory 32, the orientation of the virtualcamera Ca in the virtual space to the obtained default orientation ofthe virtual camera Ca (S144). The virtual space is rendered in step S11of FIG. 24, based on the position and the orientation of the virtualcamera Ca updated in the main memory 32.

The core 31B calculates a position of the aim G3 in the world coordinatesystem, based on the updated position of the aim G3 on the screensurface G4, and updates the associated data in the main memory 32(S145). The aim G3 is rendered in step S11 of FIG. 24, based on theupdated position of the aim G3. Thereafter, the core 31B ends the aerialbattle stage aim position and camera control process, and advances theprocess to step S10 of FIG. 24.

When the determination of step S140 indicates YES, that is, when it isdetermined that touch-on is performed, the core 31B sets the controlparameter to zero (S146), and performs the aim position setting processof step S142. Thus, also in the aerial battle stage, as in the groundbattle stage, the movement of the aim G3 can be stopped by the touchpanel 13 being simply touched on.

As described above, in the present embodiment, while a player isperforming the sliding operation on the touch panel 13, the orientationof the virtual camera is changed according to the sliding amount of thesliding operation, and also when a player is not performing the touchoperation on the touch panel 13, the orientation of the virtual cameracan be changed. Namely, when a player performs slide-off, theorientation of the virtual camera is changed due to inertial forceaccording to the sliding operation (sliding direction, sliding speed)immediately before the touch-off. Thus, also when the touch operation isnot being performed, the orientation of the virtual camera Ca can bechanged according to the operation having been previously performed by aplayer. Namely, in the present embodiment, even if the sliding operationis not continued until the virtual camera Ca is oriented toward adirection desired by a player, when the player simply touches the touchpanel 13 (touches the touch panel 13 at one fixed point) in the case ofthe virtual camera Ca being oriented toward the desired direction due toinertial force after slide-off, the orientation of the virtual camera Cacan be set to the orientation desired by the player. Therefore,operability for changing the orientation of the virtual camera Ca can beimproved.

Further, it is possible to zoom in on the screen by, for example,changing the angle of view of the virtual camera when a player performsthe double tapping operation at a position desired by the player on theentire surface of the touch panel. Accordingly, as compared to theconventional technology in which the screen is zoomed in on when theobject is touched, operability for zooming in on the screen can beimproved for a player. Furthermore, the imaging direction of the virtualcamera is not changed according to the input coordinate, so that aplayer can easily make an input for zoomed state without becomingconscious of input coordinate.

Moreover, in the present embodiment, the positions of the aim G3 on thescreen surface G4 and in the three-dimensional virtual space can bechanged from the default position according to the sliding operationperformed on the touch panel by a player. Thus, unlike in theconventional technology in which the aim G3 is always positioned at thecenter of the display screen, the orientation or the position of thevirtual camera need not be changed so as to change the position of theaim G3. In the present embodiment, the shooting direction can be changedwithout changing the position or the orientation of the virtual cameraby performing the simple intuitive operation which is the slidingoperation on the touch panel 13.

In the present embodiment, a deceleration rate of movement of the aim G3and a deceleration rate of the change of the orientation and theposition of the virtual camera Ca due to inertial force after slide-offcannot be changed by a player changing the setting. However, thedeceleration rates may be changed by a player changing the setting. Forexample, the attenuation rate in equation (C) may be changed ormultiplied by a predetermined coefficient, by a player changing thesetting.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the orientation and the positionof the virtual camera Ca are changed such that the virtual camera Ca isrotated about the position of the representative point P2 set in theplayer character G1, during the sliding operation and after slide-off.However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. Theorientation and the position of the virtual camera Ca may be changedsuch that the virtual camera Ca may be rotated about a predeterminedposition which is set outside the player character G1, and whichsatisfies a predetermined positional relationship with the playercharacter G1. For example, the center of the rotation may be theposition of the virtual camera Ca, a gazing point of the virtual cameraCa, or the position of a specific object. Further, a configuration maybe used in which the position of the virtual camera Ca is not changed,and only the orientation of the virtual camera Ca may be changed.

In the present embodiment, the information processing apparatus of thepresent invention is applied to the game apparatus 1. However, theapplication of the present invention is not limited to a game apparatus.For example, the present invention may be applied to a hand-heldinformation device such as a mobile telephone, a personal handyphonesystem (PHS), and a hand-held information terminal (PDA). Further, thepresent invention may be applied to a stationary game apparatus and apersonal computer. In addition, the information processing apparatus ofthe present invention includes a plurality of devices (for example, aserver and a client). The main process steps of the process performed bythe information processing apparatus as described above may be executedon the server side, and other process steps may be executed on theclient side.

While the invention has been described in detail, the foregoingdescription is in all aspects illustrative and not restrictive. It isunderstood that numerous other modifications and variations can bedevised without departing from the scope of the invention.

1. A computer-readable storage medium having stored therein aninformation processing program which is executed by a computer of aninformation processing apparatus which can use coordinate input meansand display means, the information processing program causing thecomputer to function as: virtual camera positioning means forpositioning a virtual camera in a virtual space; virtual imagegeneration means for taking an image of the virtual space by using thevirtual camera, to generate a virtual image; display process means fordisplaying, by using the display means, the virtual image generated bythe virtual image generation means; and zooming-in-on means forperforming zooming-in-on operation without changing an imaging directionof the virtual camera when a predetermined operation is performed on anyposition in a predetermined range of the coordinate input means.
 2. Thecomputer-readable storage medium having stored therein the informationprocessing program according to claim 1, wherein the zooming-in-on meanscancels the zooming-in-on operation when the coordinate input meansenters a non-inputted state after the predetermined operation isperformed.
 3. The computer-readable storage medium having stored thereinthe information processing program. according to claim 1, wherein thecomputer is caused to further function as imaging direction change meansfor changing the imaging direction of the virtual camera, based on achange direction in which an input coordinate position is changed whencoordinate input is continuously performed by the coordinate inputmeans.
 4. The computer-readable storage medium having stored therein theinformation processing program according to claim 3, wherein thecomputer is caused to further function as: shooting means for virtuallyshooting from a predetermined shooting position in the virtual space;aim display means for displaying, in the virtual image, an aimrepresenting a shooting direction of the shooting means; and aim movingmeans for moving the aim on the virtual image during the zooming-in-onoperation, based on at least the change direction in which the inputcoordinate position is changed, without changing the imaging directionof the virtual camera, when the coordinate input is continuouslyperformed subsequent to the predetermined operation.
 5. Thecomputer-readable storage medium having stored therein the informationprocessing program according to claim 4, wherein the computer is causedto further function as imaging direction change means for changing theimaging direction of the virtual camera based on at least a changedirection in which an input coordinate position is changed, whencoordinate input is continuously performed in a state where thepredetermined operation is not performed.
 6. The computer-readablestorage medium having stored therein the information processing programaccording to claim 1, wherein the predetermined operation is anoperation of performing intermittent coordinate input at any position inthe predetermined range a predetermined number of times within apredetermined time period.
 7. The computer-readable storage mediumhaving stored therein the information processing program according toclaim 1, wherein the computer is caused to further function as itemproviding means for virtually providing a player object with an item inthe virtual space, and the zooming-in-on means changes a zooming-in-onrate according to the item provided to the player object by the itemproviding means.
 8. The computer-readable storage medium having storedtherein the information processing program according to claim 1, whereinthe computer is caused to further function as player object positioningmeans for positioning a player object in the virtual space, and thezooming-in-on means sets a position of the virtual camera to a positionof the player object when the zooming-in-on operation is performed. 9.The computer-readable storage medium having stored therein theinformation processing program according to claim 1, wherein thecomputer is caused to further function as: shooting means for virtuallyshooting from a predetermined shooting position in the virtual space;and aim display means for displaying, in the virtual image, an aimrepresenting a shooting direction of the shooting means, thezooming-in-on means cancels the zooming-in-on operation when thecoordinate input means receives, from a player, a cancel operation forcancelling the zooming-in-on operation, and the aim display meanschanges a position of the aim according to change of an input coordinateposition which is continuously inputted to the coordinate input means,during a zooming-in-on time period from when the predetermined operationis determined to be received, to when the cancel operation is determinedto be received.
 10. The computer-readable storage medium having storedtherein the information processing program according to claim 9, whereinthe predetermined operation is a first operation for intermittentlyperforming coordinate input on the coordinate input means apredetermined number of times, and the cancel operation is an operationfor cancelling the coordinate input which is performed last time of thepredetermined number of times in the first operation.
 11. Thecomputer-readable storage medium having stored therein the informationprocessing program according to claim 9, wherein the aim display meanschanges the position of the aim, during a time period other than thezooming-in-on time period, according to change of the input coordinateposition which is continuously inputted to the coordinate input means.12. The computer-readable storage medium having stored therein theinformation processing program according to claim 11, wherein the aimdisplay means moves the aim on the display means by a moving distancebased on a change amount of the input coordinate position when the inputcoordinate position continuously inputted to the coordinate input meansis changed, and reduces, on the display means, the moving distance ofthe aim based on the change amount of the input coordinate position,during the zooming-in-on time period, so as to be smaller than a movingdistance used during the time period other than the zooming-in-on timeperiod.
 13. The computer-readable storage medium having stored thereinthe information processing program according to claim 9, wherein the aimdisplay means moves the aim within a predetermined range of the displaymeans, and enlarges the predetermined range, during the zooming-in-ontime period, so as to be greater than a range used during the timeperiod other than the zooming-in-on time period.
 14. An informationprocessing apparatus which can use coordinate input means and displaymeans, the information processing apparatus comprising: virtual camerapositioning means for positioning a virtual camera in a virtual space;virtual image generation means for taking an image of the virtual spaceby using the virtual camera, to generate a virtual image; displayprocess means for displaying, by using the display means, the virtualimage generated by the virtual image generation means; zooming-in-onmeans for performing zooming-in-on operation without changing an imagingdirection of the virtual camera when a predetermined operation isperformed on any position in a predetermined range of the coordinateinput means.
 15. An information processing system which can usecoordinate input means and display means, the information processingsystem comprising: virtual camera positioning means for positioning avirtual camera in a virtual space; virtual image generation means fortaking an image of the virtual space by using the virtual camera, togenerate a virtual image; display process means for displaying, by usingthe display means, the virtual image generated by the virtual imagegeneration means; zooming-in-on means for performing zooming-in-onoperation without changing an imaging direction of the virtual camerawhen a predetermined operation is performed on any position in apredetermined range of the coordinate input means.
 16. An informationprocessing method comprising: camera positioning step of positioning avirtual camera in a virtual space; virtual image generation step,performed by virtual image generation means, of taking an image of thevirtual space by using the virtual camera, to generate a virtual image;display step, performed by display process means, of displaying, byusing display means, the virtual image generated by the virtual imagegeneration means; zooming-in-on step, performed by zooming-in-on means,of performing zooming-in-on operation without changing an imagingdirection of the virtual camera when a predetermined operation isperformed on any position in a predetermined range of coordinate inputmeans.